【作者】 陈文菊；

【导师】 杜德生；

【作者基本信息】 哈尔滨理工大学 ， 控制理论与控制工程， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 预测控制作为一种新型的计算机控制算法,由于其具有滚动优化、反馈校正等鲜明特征,广泛地应用于包括工业过程控制在内的诸多领域。预测控制自提出以来,出现了几十种之多,预测控制的具体形式更是丰富多彩。广义预测控制(Generalized Predictive Control)是80年代产生的一种新型计算机控制方法,是预测控制中最具代表性的算法之一。它一出现就受到了国内外控制理论界和工业界的重视,成为研究领域中最为活跃的一种预测控制算法。本文首先对预测控制的基本原理作了简单介绍,并以广义预测控制为例,介绍了预测控制的算法实现。预测函数控制作为近几年发展起来的一种新型预测控制方法倍受关注,其最大的特点是控制量计算方程简单,实时控制计算量小,特别适用于快速系统的控制。因此针对传统广义预测控制算法中存在的响应速度慢,计算量大,快速性较差的问题,将预测函数控制引入广义预测控制算法中,提出了一种基于预测函数控制的GPC快速算法,该算法减少了在线计算量,明显缩短了系统响应时间,提高了系统的快速性。其次,考虑到递推最小二乘法或递推增广最小二乘法中ARMA模型的参数估值收敛较慢,抗干扰能力差等缺点,本文采用算法简单抗干扰能力强的灰色系统理论对模型参数进行在线辨识,及时修正模型误差。将三阶灰色系统理论引入广义预测控制算法中,提出了一种广义预测灰色自校正控制算法。该算法控制效果良好,输出信号能平稳地到达设定值,达到了较高的跟踪精度。本文最后对基于预测函数的GPC算法,基本GPC算法,基于预测函数的广义预测灰色自校正控制算法以及基本的广义预测灰色自校正控制算法分别对四阶系统模型和三阶系统模型做了仿真比较。仿真结果表明这种引入预测函数的广义预测控制算法确实提高了系统的快速性。更多还原

【Abstract】 Predictive control as one kind of new computer control algorithm applies to a lot of fields including industry process control broadly. It has the distinct characteristics such as optimizing and coupling back adjustment rolling owing to the model . Since predictive control being put forward , several tens kind has appeared, the concrete form of predictive control has been furthermore of color and variety. Generalized Predictive Control (GPC) which appeared in 80’s,is a new type of computer control method and one of the most representation algorithms. It has received increasing attention in the field of control and industry.Firstly, this text introduces the basal principle of predictive control,and the generalized predictive control as an example of predictive control is introduced to the algorithm of predictive control. Predictive function control being one kind of new predictive control method in the past few years has been doubly paid close attention to,whose maximal characteristic is the simplicity control algorithm,the short real-time control calculates amounts , especially applying to rapidly systematic control. Therefore, specifically for the slow speed of response,the big amounts and the poor fleetness,predictive function control is introduced to the generalized predictive control.And one kind GPC fleetness algorithm based on predictive function control is suggested . The algorithm has decreased the amounts , shortened system REST obviously, improved systematic fleetness.Secondly,allow for parameter value of ARMA model in Recursive Least Squares and Recursive Extended Least Squares recursion slowly,anti-interference ability is low.This text adopts gray system theory which has simple algorithm and strong anti-interference ability to identify mode parameter in line and to amend model error in time.Three order gray system theory is lead into generalized predictive control algorithm,and the generalized predictive grey selfrectify control algorithm is suggested.The control effects are fine.The output signal can get to setting value stably, it has reached comparatively highly to track accuracy.Finally,this text simulates this GPC algorithm based on predictive function,the basal GPC algorithm , the generalized predictive grey selfrectify control algorithm based on predictive function and the basal generalized predictive grey selfrectify control algorithm for three and four order system model.The result indicates that the algorithm leading into predictive function has improved systematic fleetness indeed.更多还原