【作者】 杨娟；

【导师】 姚勇；

【作者基本信息】 新疆大学 ， 中国近现代史， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 盛世才是南京政府时期地方实力派代表之一。他从保存和发展自己的势力出发,利用新疆举足轻重的战略位置,不断地玩弄两面手法,因应时势来变化自己与南京政府、苏联和中共的关系,使自己得以主新11年之久。全文共分为四部分:第一部分阐述了民国地方主义产生的背景,并分析了新疆军阀割据边疆的原因。第二部分概述了“四·一二”政变后盛世才既想得到南京政府的承认,又要排斥南京政府对其控制的复杂关系。盛世才利用新疆的地缘优势,依靠个人机警和强硬的政治手腕,使得南京政府第一次图新失败。而后又依赖苏联的军事援助,彻底打败了张培元、马仲英部,使南京政府第二次图新也以失败告终。第三部分论述了抗战期间盛世才与中央政府之间从背离到向心的转变。抗战初期,盛世才因亲苏而联共,与中共建立抗日民族统一战线,以中华民族的利益为重,支持抗战,为抗战做出了贡献。抗战中后期,由于形势的变化,盛世才开始反苏反共,投靠国民党。国民党势力全面进入新疆后,深感大权旁落的盛世才准备再次进行政治投机,却没有成功,只得于1944年9月11日赴渝离新。第四部分以盛世才与南京政府关系的演变为视角,总结出南京政府时期中央与地方关系在经济上、军事上、政治上、党务上的一些特征。文章的结语肯定了以盛世才为代表的地方实力派,在与中央对抗中求生存、求发展而重视经济和文教建设,客观上有利于地方经济文化的发展。同时也应当指出,盛世才在争取外援、对抗国民政府的过程中,使新疆的经济、政治利益受到了一些损失。如何正确处理中央和地方关系,需要中央与地方共同努力,找到集权与分权的最佳平衡点。更多还原

【Abstract】 Sheng shicai was the important representative of whom actually had strength and held power in the Xinjiang province during the period of the Republic of China. He utilizes very important strategic position of Xinjiang from keeping and developing one’s own force , sporting with the double faced tactics constantly, because change oneself, Nanjing government, Russian and the Communist Party of China relation in conformity with the current situation. Enable his own governance for more than 11 years.The full text is divided into four parts altogether:Part one Have explain the background that the Republic of China’s regionalism produces, has analyzed the reason of the borderland of separatise XinJiang warlord regimes.Part two have summed up after coup " 4·12" Sheng shicai want to get Nanjing recognition of government, repel Nanjing government to complicated relation of control their behind the coup. He utilizes the geo- advantage of Xinjiang, depends on individual’s alert and tough political wrist, make the first plot of government of Nanjing fail. And then rely on the military aid of the Soviet Union again, defeats Zhang Peiyuan、Ma Zhongying, utterly, enable the second plot of government of Nanjing and end in failure.Part three Have expounded the fact from deviating from to the afferent transition between Sheng shicai and central government during the war of resistance. In initial stage of war of resistance, he unites altogether because of being pro-Soviet, sets up national united front of resist against Japan with the Communist Party of China, put interests of Chinese nation first, support the war of resistance, has made a contribution to war of resistance. War of resistance middle and later periods, because of change of situation, he begin inside out anti-communism Su, go and seek refuge with the Kuomintang. After the Kuomintang force enters Xinjiang in an all-round way, feel deeply he losing one’s power to others plans to carry on political speculation again, succeed in, have to go Chongqing from XinJiang on September 11 1944.Part four Regard development of he and relation of government of Nanjing as the visual angle, have summarized the government of Nanjing with local relation economically, military affairs having, some characteristics politically, on the party affairs during period.Certainly local those who actually have strength and hold power represented by Sheng shicai of conclusion of the article, seek survival, seek development and pay attention to economy and culture and education construction in confronting with central authorities, favorable to the development of the culture of local economy objectively. Should point out at the same time, he is during the process of striving for the foreign aid, opposing the national government, make the economic, political interests of Xinjiang receive some losses. How correctly to deal with central and local relation, need the central authorities to make joint efforts with locality, find the best equalization point of centralization of state power and fraction.更多还原