【作者】 黄芸；

【导师】 牛玉杰； 李建国；

【作者基本信息】 河北医科大学 ， 劳动卫生与环境卫生学， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 目的:对河北省职业卫生服务机构的职业卫生资源现状做出公正、全面的评价,并提出合理的建议和改革措施,为我省职业病防治提供科学决策依据,以便更好实现“人人享有职业卫生服务”的战略目标。方法:向河北省内11个市级疾控中心、165个区县级疾控中心、卫生防疫站、卫生监督所等共计176个单位发放调查问卷。调查对象为该单位职业卫生服务机构,如职业病防治科、劳动卫生科、公共卫生科、健康监护科等。调查内容为人员基本情况(包括性别、年龄、工龄、职称、学历、所学专业、从事专业等)、培训情况(培训内容、次数、主办单位等)、各类资质(计量认证、健康体检、职业病诊断、建设项目职业病危害评价、职业病危害因素的监测与评价、国家实验室认可)通过情况、各类设备(采样设备、现场检测设备、实验室设备、体检设备)拥有情况、体检和检测项目展开情况等。所有有效资料建立Excel数据库,并使用SPSS进行统计分析。结果:1职业卫生技术服务人员基本情况:2007年5月,收到178个职业卫生服务机构的调查表,共有职业卫生技术人员1330人,其中地市级176人,区县级1154人,女性占46.58%。若加上省职防所的人员,则全省共有职业卫生技术者1352人。全省平均年龄:36.65±3.17岁,在25岁至45岁之间的人占69.60%,市级女性职业卫生技术服务人员比例大于区县级(P<0.01)。工龄构成:全省职业卫生服务人员平均工龄7.87±2.55年,工龄小于5年的占47.00%,市级与区县级职业卫生服务机构的人员的工龄构成有显著差别(P<0.05),市级级职业卫生机构的人员工龄在10-25年之间的比例明显大于区县(P<0.01)。学历和职称构成:全省职业卫生服务人员学历主要以大、中专水平为主,占84.82%。标准化后发现,高学历者主要集中在35-45岁年龄组,中专以下学历者主要集中在45-55岁年龄组。1330名职业卫生服务人员以初级职称为主,占51.77%,标准化后比较发现,初级职称人数最多是在25-35岁之间,大于55岁则时最少。无职称的在小于25岁时人数最多,大于55岁时最少。所学专业和从事专业构成:所学医学类专业的占94.76%,其中预防医学专业占41.36%,临床专业占39.27%、另有管理、法律专业20人。1330名调查对象中从事职业卫生管理的占80.10%,职业卫生监督、评价(包括体检)占19.37%,服务从事网络直报的仅2人。2资质认证情况:178家接受调查的单位有63家获得甲级计量资质认证,另有19家单位分家单位分别获得甲级职业健康体检资质、职业病诊断资质、建设项目职业病危害评价资质、职业病危害因素的监测与评价资质。乙级资质认证的单位15家,占8.52%。实验室认可资质的通过率仅为1.14%,有26.71%的职业卫生机构未获得任何资质。3培训情况:全省2000～2006年展开职业卫生相关知识培训共计407次,包括接受上级单位的培训、由本单位组织的培训和对管辖区企业职工的培训。有30.22%的培训涉及职业病防治及相关法律、12.53%的培训涉及放射卫生及相关法律,其他培训内容还包括职业卫生技术服务、职业病报告或职业病网络直报、建设项目职业病危害因素评价、职业卫生防护、职业中毒等,有9.83%的培训取得证书或学分。4职业卫生服务机构仪器设备拥有情况:全省拥有各类设备共3037台,平均每个职业卫生服务机构能拥有约17台。采样设备、现场检测设备、实验室设备、体检设备平均拥有率为分别26.58%、19.59%、40.25%、35.04%。5职业卫生服务机构检测项目展情况:全省对化学因素和物理因素检测的平均展开率分别为15.39%、18.21%,主要是对铜、铅、锰铬及其化合物、总尘、噪声和高温的检测。华北油田职防所、秦皇岛地区两项目的平均展开率较高。6职业卫生服务机构体检项目展开情况:全省针对粉尘、化学因素、物理因素的体检项目展开率分别为58.23%、40.91%、49.40%,华北油田职防所、廊坊地区三项目平均展开率较高。4结论更多还原

【Abstract】 Objectives: In order to make the justice and full estimation for the source of occupational health in occupational health organization of Hebei Province, give the suggestion for reformation and the scientific evidence for the occupational disease prevention and cure, to make the aim that everyone enjoy occupational health service come true more quickly.Methods: Distribute questionnaires to 11 civic CDC and 165 county CDC, sanitary and antiepidemic station and sanitary inspection office in Hebei Province. The target is the organization that related to occupational health, such as the department of occupational disease prevention and cure, occupational health section, sanitary inspection section and the health surveillance section. The content of investigation is the condition of people who are the specific duty in each occupational health organization, including their names, gender, age, working time, job title, academic credentials, speciality, job pursuit in. Training status for specific people in duty, including training content, times, holding organizations. Qualifications including measuring approval, health examination, diagnosis of occupational disease, occupational hazards evaluation for constructive item, occupational hazards evaluation and monitoring . Equipments for sampling, detecting on scene, health examination and laboratory equipments.Unitl May in 2007, we had received 176 questionaires, and 382 available individual information, including 103 civic specific duty person and 279 county person. All the dates made up the data base by Excel, and did the statistical analysis by SPSS.Result:1 People of specific duty1.1 The composition of gender and age There are 382 specific duty people working for occupational health organization, 40.58% are female. The mean age is 37.35±4.67years old, people between 25 to 45 years old made up 68.85%.The age composition of people between city and county has no difference(P>0.05).the percentage of female in county is more than that in city.1.2 The composition of working time. The average time of working is 7.87±2.55 years and there are 47.64% people who working for less than 5-years. The working time composition of people between city and county has difference(P<0.05). People of who working for 10 to 25-years in county are more than that work in city(P<0.01).1.3 The composition of job title and academic credentials. The primary academic credentials of specific duty person is junior collage or above that made up 84.82%. After standardization we found that people who own a high academic credentials are concentrate in the age group of 35 to 45-years old and people only get a technical secondary school level or below are concentrate in the age group of 45 to 55-years old.The main job-title level of 382 specific duty people is primary which made up 51.83%. After standardization we found that most people who has a primary job-title level are in the group of 25 to 35-years old and least when older than 55-years . People without any job-title are at most when younger than 25-years old and least when older than 55-years .1.4 The composition of speciality and job pursuit in. There are about 94.76% people who major in medical speciality and in that 41.36% major in preventative medicine, 39.27% major in clinical speciality, by the way there are 20 people who are major in management or lows. There are 80.10% people who pursuit in occupational health management and 19.37% people pursuit in sanitary inspection, estimation, including health examination. Only 2 person pursuit in occupational disease report on the internet.2 Occupational health organization:2.1 Qualifications acquisition. During 176 organizations that received the investigation, there are 83 has got the first rate qualification which made up 47.16%, the rate of passing the fist rate qualification is 35.80%.There are 15 organization has got the second qualification which made up 15%.There are 26.71% of organization has pass any qualification.2.2 Training: the whole province has hold 407 times training on the occupational knowledge, receiving both from leader organizations and itselves, and also giving the workers training in companies that are in their duty.30.22% of training times are related to the occupational disease prevention and cure or laws,12.53% are related to radiohygiene and laws while other training are involve in occupation health technical service, occupational disease reported, occupational hazards evaluation for constructive item, occupational safe guard, occupational poisoning, but there are 9.83% training without any certificate or credit.3 The situation of owing instrumentation, developing detection or health examination.3.1 Instrumentation: there are 3037 instrumentations in all of Hebei Province, each organization can have 17 units. The owing rate of sampling equipments, detecting on scene, health examination and laboratory equipments are 26.58%、19.59%、40.25%、35.04%。3.2 the rate of developing detective item: in Hebei Province the rate of developing detections which arm to detect dust, chemical factor and physic factor are 15.39%、18.21%,and are main in detecting copper, lead, manganese, chrome and their chemical compound, dust, noise, and high temperature. The department of occupational disease prevention and cure of Northern China oil field and Qinhuangdao have the highest rate of detecting.3.3 The rate of developing health examination: in Hebei Province the rate of developing health examination which arm to detect dust, chemical factor and physic factor are 58.23%、40.91%、49.40%.The department of occupational disease prevention and cure of Northern China oil field and Langfang area has the highest rate of the three item.更多还原