【作者】 刘宇；

【导师】 孔克勤；

【作者基本信息】 华东师范大学 ， 基础心理学， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 儿童主题统觉测验(以下简称CAT)是美国心理学家Bellak在著名的主题统觉测验(TAT)基础上发展出来的适合儿童使用的版本。CAT在上世纪80年代就被引进中国,但是理论研究不足,临床应用很少。研究能提供投射测验独有的心理诊断材料和辅助,有利缓解我国的儿童心理测验形式单一的局面。研究视角集中在CAT的适用性以及在试测结果的分析,分析和讨论了时代发展和文化背景等原因。CAT采用非结构化形式,按顺序给4-9岁被试呈现十张图片,请他们讲故事。结合编制者Bellak以及户川行男的CAT日本版的分析体系,采用简化材料,提取关键指标的方法,最后得出被试在测试阶段心理状况,包括对父母的认同、情绪本质、需要和压力等。研究结果表明:1)CAT图片适用中国5-9岁的被试,但是图片需要优化。图片一和八能反应被试的家庭生活,图四和十能反应亲子关系,图二和七能反应被试对竞争的态度和应对。图五和六情境略有重复,理论假设中对性的好奇主题没出现。被试对图片的动物认知不能完全统一,较多被试很难认出袋鼠。CAT有关同胞关系的解释应该换成同伴关系更适合中国被试。2)5-9岁的被试能讲出有时间地点、人物、情节完整的故事;每个故事主题均不同,故事中出现更多的积极情绪词。对指标的分析,得出被试更认同图片中年龄身份与自己相仿的主人公,亲子关系是日常生活中最重要的主题。被试都更倾向于认同母亲;在竞争条件下,更认同父亲。每个图片都有同西方和日本儿童不同的反应,这和时代变迁、文化背景有关。3)中国的4-9岁被试的心理状况良好,积极情绪反应多,主动应对冲突的情况多,以对爱的需要为最重要,长辈期待给男孩带来的压力比女孩大。研究结论:1)CAT适合中国5-9周岁的被试的心理测验。2)测验结果表明4-9岁的被试最需要爱,最看重亲子关系。3)现代生活中的电视影响了儿童的身心发展,还影响他们的故事经验。4)CAT测验的推广和使用能为青少年的人格教育提供更多的材料。5)故事材料分析中有很多指标值得思考和研究,需要更客观的分析体系。更多还原

【Abstract】 Children’s Apperception Test (below simple for CAT), basing on the TAT by Murray, is developed by Bellak, an American psychologist. It is much more suitable for the children’s test. CAT has been brought into China since 1980’s, but research is not adequate and clinical practice is less than other projective technique. CAT can provide special clinical material and help; it is useful to help the monotonous form of children’s psychology test.The research makes eyes on the suitability and the discussion on the test result, and analysis the reason on the times change and cultural background. CAT is in the unstructuring test. The children (age4-9) given ten pictures following the fixed order, begin to tell story. Combining the method from Bellak with the explaining system from Togawa Yukio who created the Japanese CAT, by simplifying the story material to get the key index, get the information about the mental situation, containing the identifying to one of the parents, the essence of emotion and need and press etc.The result tells, 1) CAT can be used to test Chinese children (4-9), but the problem still exists. Get information on subjects’ family through picture1 and picture8, as with parent-child relationship through picture4 and picture 10, and attitude to competence and dealing with difficulties through picture2 and picture7.But the pity about the result that the environment of picture5 and picture 6 seems similar; beginning assumption about the curiosity on sex could not be proved. Children could not think the same animal on the picture; many of them do not know the kangaroo. Pictures on the relationship with their brothers and sisters are not suitable for Chinese because of one-child policy.2) Children in 5-9 can tell story with all elements, containing time and place, characters and plot. Each story has special theme, and many positive emotional words, and can know of the need and press of hero through the story. To analysis on these index can get that subject think the one that seems to be in the same age and identity to be the hero, parent-child relationship is the most important theme of their life. Children are declined to identify mother, but under the competition, they would like to stay with father. For each picture, there is special reaction different with western and Japanese children, it tells the change relating with sociality and cultural ground.3) Chinese children between age4 and age9 have good mental estate, mainly with positive mood, being initiative to deal with difficulty; the first need is to get love from others. Expectation from family elders brought boys much more press to children than to girls.Research conclusion :1)CAT is a suitable projective test for Chinese children (5-9).2)The result of test prove that children between 4 and 9 need love most, relationship with parents is their biggest theme.3)Modern life goods as television, influenced the personality development of children and their story experience too.3)The wide practice on CAT will give more useful method and special material to the personality education for younth.4)Many index from the story are valuable for studying ,need more rational analysis system.更多还原