【作者】 寇卫锋；

【导师】 谷拴成；

【作者基本信息】 西安科技大学 ， 岩土工程， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 煤炭一直占我国能源的70%以上,在国民经济建设中占有举足轻重的地位。由于煤层的赋存条件非常复杂,倾斜煤层巷道普遍存在。能否建立适合倾斜煤层巷道的锚杆(索)支护计算模型,解决好倾斜煤层巷道的支护等问题,是倾斜煤层巷道顺利开掘和安全生产的关键,迫切需要深入的研究和探索。本文以乌兰煤矿8号煤层5867机巷为主要研究对象,系统的分析了锚杆(索)支护的基本理论及设计方法,对预应力锚杆(索)对巷道围岩的控制作用机理作了较为深入的研究,并对不同锚固方式条件下,预应力锚杆的受力特点进行了分析,指出把合理的锚杆(索)预应力纳入到倾斜煤层巷道锚杆支护参数设计之中,对倾斜煤层巷道支护的稳定性具有十分重要的意义。在理论分析和现场调研的基础上,基于围岩松动圈理论和倾斜冒落拱理论,提出了三种倾斜煤层巷道顶板松动圈计算模型,利用计算模型确定了锚杆(索)最佳支护参数。对倾斜煤层巷道锚杆的切向锚固力进行了系统的理论分析,指出倾斜煤层巷道锚杆抗剪承载力计算的必要性,建立了锚杆抗剪承载力的计算公式。运用大型有限差分软件FLAC3D对乌兰矿8号煤5867机巷倾斜煤层巷道建立了三维数值计算模型,分析了倾斜煤层巷道围岩变形破坏特征,指出:倾斜煤层巷道支护应以巷道的顶板、高帮下部、低帮上部和靠近低帮的底板为关键部位,同时应注意巷道底臌现象的发生。并对支护参数下巷道顶板沉降量、塑性区分布、围岩应力分布特征进行了数值模拟分析,验证了支护方案的安全可靠性。并选取试验段对巷道的收敛变形、顶板离层、围岩松动圈等进行监测与分析,进一步验证了计算方法及支护参数的安全和可靠性。本文的研究与实践,使倾斜煤层巷道支护由工程类比法上升到定量分析,为倾斜煤层巷道锚杆(索)支护设计探索了新的途径。它必将在倾斜煤层巷道的支护设计中起着主要的参考作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 More than 70 percent of energy is coal which occupies a pivotal position in construction of national economy in our country.Because of the complexity of distributing conditions of coal seam, the inclined coal roadway is ubiquitous. The keys of mining successfully and producing safely are building the compatible calculation model of bolt (cable) and solving the problem of reinforcement of the inclined coal roadway. They are needed lucubrated and researched imminently.The paper is on the basis of the mechanized roadway of 8th coal seam of Wulan mine coal, analyzes the basic theory and design method of the bolt (cable) systematically, lucubrates the control mechanism of the surrounding rock by pre-stress bolt, expatiate the reinforcement mechanism of the stratified rock roof by pre-stress bolt, and point out that it is significant to stability of steep roadway reinforcement to bringing reasonable pre-stress bolt into the reinforcement parameter design of inclined coal seam roadway bolt.Based upon the theory analysis and local research and the theory of surrounding rock releasing rock and inclined caving arch, there are three calculation model of the inclined coal seam roadway bolt reinforcement. The prime reinforcement project is confirmed by contrasted between the models and the monitoring of surrounding rock releasing ring. Based on the theory analysis of tangential anchor-hold of the inclined coal roadway bolt, the necessity of calculation of inclined coal seam bolt shear capacity is pointed out and the calculation expressions of the bolt shear capacity are found. By using finite difference software FLAC, this paper analyze the rule of mine pressure distribution, find out that the roof , upside of the low side and high side of the roadway are main objects when steep coal roadway is reinforced. In addition to, floor heave in roadway should be noticed. By the numerical simulation analysis to roadway floor lowering and stress distributing change, the safety and credibility of new reinforcement project are validated. Surrounding rock releasing ring and abscises layer in gateway floor and constringency transmutation are monitored and analyzed, consequently, the safety and credibility of the calculation model and reinforcement project are proved.The research and practice of this paper advance the engineering analogue method of inclined coal seam roadway reinforcement to quantitative analysis, and provide a new way for calculation of press and transmutation of inclined coal roadway surrounding rock reinforcement. It must be a important reference for inclined coal roadway reinforcement.更多还原