【作者】 陈丽燕；

【导师】 付强；

【作者基本信息】 东北农业大学 ， 农业水土工程， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 水环境作为一个开放的大系统,其中很多信息都存在着一定的不确定性,水文水资源领域中的数据,总是受天文、地理、人为活动等众多因素的影响。因而,水文水资源数据具有非线性、多变化、随机性较大等特点,但同时也具有多年变化的周期性和趋势性。常规的线性模型很难解决这些问题,忽视信息的不确定性,又可能给问题的研究结果带来较大误差。因此,为解决水文水资源中的复杂问题,处理水文水资源中的各种不确定性数据,本文采用集对分析和粗糙集理论。通过MATLAB计算机语言编程,建立数学模型,应用于实践中,取得了良好的效果。集对分析(Set Pair Analysis,SPA)和粗糙集(Rough Set,RS)理论都可以用来处理确定不确定的问题,前者是用同异反联系度作为工具,而粗集理论利用上近似集和下近似集来表达这种不确定性和粗糙程度。集对分析可以很好的解决传统的评价方法不能同时考虑信息的确定性和由随机、模糊、不确知、中介和突发等不确定所导致的综合不确定性问题。粗糙集理论粗糙集的这些特点在处理水文水资源数据方面显示了巨大的优势。本论文的主要研究成果如下:1.基于集对分析理论在水文水资源中的应用,将集对分析将同异反联系数推广到四元联系数、五元联系数,进而推广到多元联系数,并将五元联系数应用于湖泊富营养化程度评价、水质评价以及土壤环境质量评价中,取得了良好的效果。2.粗糙集理论是一种新型处理不确定性知识的工具,但传统的粗糙集理论需要首先将数据进行离散化,本文采用基于邻域粒化和粗糙逼近的数值属性约简,将其应用于并将其应用在在区域水资源可持续利用系统评价中,对传统的评价指标进行属性约简,采用约简后的指标进行评价,评价结果与SP模型得到的评价结果基本一致,说明约简结果比较准确,取得满意的效果,并为水资源评价提供了快捷、实用的方法。基于以上模型的建立,本论文实现了理论与实践的有机结合。该论文的研究成果既为水文水资源领域不确定数据处理的提供了新的方法和思路,同时也拓宽了集对分析和粗糙集理论的应用范围,并且在理论上做了相应的改进,以便更好的应用于水文水资源领域。更多还原

【Abstract】 As an open large-scale system, much information in water environment has some uncertainty. data in hydrology and water resources was influenced by many factors, such as astronomical、geographical and artificial activities and so on. So data in hydrology and water resources has characteristics such as nonlinear、multi-changes and great randomicity and so on, Meanwhile, it has periodicity and tendency changed with years.These problems can not be solved by conventional linear model; It will bring big errors to the main results of the problems if the uncertainty of the information is neglected.Therefore, to solve the complex problems and processing various uncertainty data in hydrology and water resources, set pair analysis and rough set theory are used. Through MATLAB computer language programming, establishing mathematical model, applying in the production practice, and get a good result.Set pair analysis and rough set theory can both be used for treatment of certain and un-certain problems; The former uses Same-Indefinite-Contrary connection degree as a tool, uncertainty and rough set degree are expressed by upper and lower approximation sets in rough set theory. Set pair analysis can solve comprehensive uncertain problems that caused by stochastic fuzzy unknown medium and emergent and so on, which conventional evaluation method can not do. The characteristic of Rough set theory reflects great advantages in processing data in hydrology and water resources.Main result as follows:1. Based on application of set pair analysis to hydrology and water resources, generalization of set pair analysis and Same-Indefinite-Contrary connection number as four-element connection number and five-element connection number, and then pluralistic connection number. Five-element connection number is used in evaluation of eutrophication lakes、water quality assessment and soil environmental quality assessment, all got a good result.2. Rough set theory is a tool of new treatment for uncertainty knowledge, But conventional rough set theory has to do data discretization first, numerical attribute reduction based on neighborhood granulation and rough approximation are used in this paper, and its application to evaluation system on the sustainable utilization of regional water resource, Conventional evaluation index have attribute reduction. With reduction index evaluation, the evaluation results are consistent with the results of SP model. It shows that the reduction results comparatively accurate, the result is satisfying. It provides rapid and practical method for water resources assessmentBased on establishment of the models above, In dissertation, rational combination of the theory and practice were made. The results can not only make contribution to treatment methods of uncertain data in hydrology and water resources, it provides new methods and thoughts, At the same time, it propagate the scope of application for set pair analysis and rough set theory; Moreover, relevant improvements of theory were made, so as to better apply in hydrology and water resources field.更多还原