【作者】 李秋月；

【导师】 王杜春；

【作者基本信息】 东北农业大学 ， 土地资源管理， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 20世纪80年代以来,随着农村产业结构的调整,发展乡村旅游成为解决三农问题的重要途径之一。国家旅游扶贫工程促进了贫困地区乡村旅游的发展,而社会主义新农村建设为乡村旅游发展提供了良好的契机。伴随着我国国内旅游业的蓬勃兴起和大众观光旅游产品的多元化发展进程,尤其是国家旅游局将1998年确定为我国生态环境主题年的举措,极大地推动了乡村旅游的兴起和发展。乡村旅游在我国有着巨大的发展空间,作为我国的农业大省,黑龙江省乡村旅游开展的比较早。但由于受历史与地缘因素的影响,多年来发展水平和质量一直处于国内的较低水平。为了更好的开发黑龙江省乡村旅游资源,促进旅游业的整体发展,并带动相关产业的发展,尤其是可以帮助农民脱贫致富,解决农村剩余劳动力问题,必须对黑龙江省发展乡村旅游存在的问题进行研究,使黑龙江省的乡村旅游早日走向正轨,进行合理而有序的开发利用。本文采用文献分析、定性与定量分析、实地考察等方法,系统的对黑龙江省的乡村旅游资源开发进行了研究。阅读了大量有关乡村旅游理论、国内外乡村旅游开发研究及黑龙江省乡村旅游开发研究的文献,对乡村旅游的基本理论、国外乡村旅游开发的经验和黑龙江省乡村研究情况进行了系统的综述。到黑龙江省典型的乡村旅游景点进行了实地考察,概述了黑龙江省乡村旅游开发的情况。指出了黑龙江省乡村旅游资源开发存在的问题,提出了解决这些问题对策,对黑龙江省乡村旅游资源开发有一定的借鉴意义。本文第一部分介绍了选题的意义、国内外乡村旅游研究的状况、研究方法和技术路线以及乡村旅游的基本概念和基本理论并且提出了乡村旅游资源开发的程序。第二部分着重分析了黑龙江省乡村旅游资源开发的现状与问题,深入的探讨了黑龙江省乡村旅游的市场状况、资源状况及政策环境。本文认为黑龙江省乡村旅游存在发展规划不合理、产品文化内涵不丰富、特色不多、旅游硬件设施简易、专业人员匮乏、宣传力度不够、生态环境保护不足等诸多问题。第三部分整理了发达国家和地区乡村旅游资源开发的经验和教训,分析了发达国家和地区乡村旅游资源开发的时代背景和经济背景。指出了国际经验对黑龙江省开发乡村旅游的启示:发挥政府主导作用:规范乡村旅游的运作;提高旅游产品档次;改善旅游环境与接待质量;开发与保护相结合。第四部分通过对中国乡村旅游的十大发展模式的分析,确定了黑龙江省乡村旅游资源开发的模式选择。对黑龙江省乡村旅游资源开发提出了对策,提出黑龙江省乡村旅游开发应注重政府主导、统筹规划、科学合理开发、加强配套设施建设、强化旅游营销、提高从业人员素质、加强生态环境保护等建议。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the structural regulation on rural industry in 1980s, rural tourism has become one the most important ways to deal with the three problems concerning agriculture. The national aid-the-poor program in tourism promotes tourism industry in the impoverished regions, while socialist new village development provides a turning point in the rural tourism. The fact that inbound tourism is uprising vigorously and tourism products have given impetus to rural tourism greatly, especially the measure that determined the protecting ecological environment in 1998 by National Tourism Administration.The great potential will be provided with rural tourism in our country. As a major agricultural province, Heilongjiang Province developed rural tourism in its early time. However, its rural tourism still keeps a lower level for many years compared to other provinces because of its history and geographic location. In order to exploit rural tourism resources fully and help the farmers prosperous and settle the problems of surplus rural labor forces, it is necessary to analyze the current conditions that restrict the development of rural tourism in Heilongjiang Province. Ultimately, its rural tourism will run in the right track and tap reasonably and orderly.The study introduces literature analysis, qualitative analysis and measurable analysis and on-the-spot investigations to research systematically the exploitation of Heilongjiang Province rural tourism resource. Quantities of theories are made on rural tourism, and studies are taken on exploiting rural tourism resources at home and abroad, including research document of Heilongjiang province. Consequently theories and studies are summarized systematically .By practical investigations in typical rural tourism sites of Heilongjiang Province, the study displays the province’s general conditions in developing rural tourism .Problems are pointed out in developing rural tourism of the province, and also methods to the problems are introduced, which can be learned in developing rural tourism in the region to some extent. The first section of the study gives introduced to the effects of the subject, progress of rural tourism at home and abroad and methods techniques of rural tourism. At the same time, basic concepts and theories of rural tourism are given by which put forward the process of exploiting rural tourism resources. In the second section, it emphasizes to analyze the actuality and problems in exploiting rural tourism in Heilongjiang Province, discussing the rural tourism of the province with respect to its market, resources and policy. The study holds that rural tourism of Heilongjiang Province is retained by many problems, such as planning improperly and lack in terms of touring products’ cultural connotation, unique, fundamental facilities, professional workers, advertising and protection on ecological environment. The third section, by collecting experience and lessons from developed countries and regions, analysis the historical and economical backgrounds of developed countries and regions. It point out the international experience for Heilongjiang Province in the development of rural tourism :the government play the main part, make rural tourism run steadily, upgrade product’s quality in relevant to rural tourism, improve the touring environment and its infrastructure of reception and combination and protection. The last section of the study sets out the right pattern for rural tourism in Heilongjiang Province, through analysis on major ten developing patterns of rural tourism in china. It raises methods for rural tourism in Heilongjiang Province and delivers suggestions in the sphere of government’s main role, planning as a whole, exploitation scientifically, improvement on subsidiary facilities, reinforcing tourism promotion, increase on the quality of tourism workers and strengthening ecological protection.更多还原