【作者】 李明；

【导师】 杨棣华；

【作者基本信息】 广西大学 ， 外国语言学及应用语言学， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 言语行为理论是语言哲学和语用学上的一个重要理论。它最初由日常语言哲学家奥斯汀和塞尔在上个世纪五十年代初期提出。在中国,言语行为理论得到了应有的重视,中国学者开展了很多关于该理论的研究。有的学者关注言语行为的分析方法,有的关注如何将言语行为理论应用于相关领域,更多的学者关注的是言语行为理论的内容。因此,为了促进言语行为理论的发展和该理论在相关领域的应用,全面地对该理论在中国的研究进行论述就显得非常重要。本文从共时和历时的角度对言语行为理论在中国的研究进行分析。从共时角度看有以下四个方面:(1)介绍和阐述该理论;(2)评价该理论;(3)汉语研究者对该理论的研究;(4)从其他角度对该理论进行研究。从历时角度看,分为两个阶段:第一阶段为1979到1989年,在此阶段,许国璋、何自然、顾曰国和何兆熊等学者将该理论介绍到中国来;从1990年至今为第二阶段,更多学者投入到言语行为理论的研究中来。无论是英语界还是汉语界的学者都出版了关于语用学的专著,其中都包含对言语行为理论的研究。本文详细阐述了中国学者对言语行为理论的研究,指出了这些研究中的一些问题,并对将来在该领域的进一步研究,提出了建议。言语行为理论在中国的研究仍处在初始阶段,它的研究和应用需要提高和发展。笔者指出了对言语行为理论研究的一些问题。第一,关于该理论本身的问题。第二,在引进的过程中产生的一些问题。针对上述问题,笔者提出了推动言语行为理论在中国的研究的一些建议。对于该理论本身的问题,我们提出如下建议:第一,给予成事行为足够的重视。第二,提出言语行为理论新框架。第三,应该重视施为假设。第四,加强该理论对口语的研究,应将言语行为置于话语中去研究。针对在引进该理论的过程中出现的问题,我们提出如下建议:第一,应采用多种研究方法。第二,对于关键词应采用统一的翻译。第三,继续引进言语行为理论的其他内容。第四,加强中英言语行为的对比研究。第五,不能忽视汉语的文化和语言环境,汉语言语行为理论的建立是我们研究的最终目标。第六,加强学者间的交流合作,研究言语行为理论的学者应认真研读奥斯汀和塞尔的著作,从本质上把握该理论。第七,言语行为理论研究应从相关学科如数理逻辑,认知科学和人工智能中借鉴成果。第八,把言语行为理论的研究结果应用到相关领域如语言哲学、心智哲学、文体学、语篇分析、会话分析、文学批评、第二语言习得等领域中去,这些领域的发展同样会促进言语行为理论的发展等等。更多还原

【Abstract】 Speech Act Theory is a major theory of both language philosophy and pragmatics. It was originally put forward by ordinary language philosophers John L. Austin and John R. Searle in the early fifties of the last century.In China, Speech Act Theory has gained due attention and many studies have been conducted on it. Some scholars tend to focus on methods for speech act analysis, others on the application of Speech Act Theory to other relative fields, and still others, probably the majority, on the principles of the theory. Therefore, it is now quite necessary to give a comprehensive review of the studies of Speech Act Theory in China to promote its development and its application to the relative fields.The author has reviewed the acceptance of Speech Act Theory in China from the synchronic and diachronic perspective.Synchronically, the acceptance of Speech Act Theory is presented from four perspectives: 1) the introduction and elucidation of the theory; 2) the criticism and evaluation of the theory; 3) the Chinese studies of the theory; 4) the studies of the theory in other fields.Diachronically, the author has divided the studies of Speech Act Theory in China into two stages: the preliminary stage from 1979 to 1989, in which Professor Xu Guozhang, Professor He Ziran, Professor Gu Yueguo, Professor He Zhaoxiong introduce this theory to Chinese people; the secondary stage from 1990 up to now, where more scholars are involved in the study of the theory. Textbooks of pragmatics have been published in English language and Chinese language, which have all included chapters on Speech Act Theory.In this thesis, the studies of Speech Act Theory in China have been analyzed in detail, problems in these studies have been pointed out, and strategies for future Speech Act Theory studies in China have been put forward. Speech Act Theory is still at its infant stage; its studies and applications need improvement and development. Firstly, there are problems as to the theory itself. Secondly, some problems concerning the acceptance of Speech Act Theory in China have been pointed out.Some suggestions for future Speech Act Theory studies in China have been proposed. Strategies for the problems of the theory itself have been put forward. Firstly, more attention should be paid to the perlocutionary act. Secondly, a new framework of Speech Act Theory has been proposed. Thirdly, the performative-constative hypothesis is important in Speech Act Theory. Fourthly, more emphasis should be placed on the oral text, and speech act should be studied in conversation. Some strategies for the problems of introduction also have been put forward. Firstly, diversified methods should be adopted in Speech Act Theory studies. Secondly, we call for the identical translation of the important terms. Thirdly, other important parts of Speech Act Theory should be continuously introduced in China. Fourthly, more comparative studies between Chinese and English need to be conducted. Fifthly, the focus of the introduction is the establishment of Chinese Speech Act Theory. The Chinese culture and language should be emphasized. Sixthly, the cooperation of different scholars is important. People doing research concerning it should examine the original works of Austin and Searle thoroughly and comprehensively. Seventhly, the study of Speech Act Theory should absorb nourishments from other disciplines, such as mathematical logic, cognitive science and artificial intelligence. Eighthly, the application of the research results of Speech Act Theory should be emphasized, which will accelerate the development of the philosophy of language, the philosophy of mind, stylistics, discourse analysis, conversation analysis, literary critics and second language acquisition. In turn, the development of these fields will also contribute to the study of Speech Act Theory and so on.更多还原