【作者】 杨艳春；

【导师】 陆国盈；

【作者基本信息】 广西大学 ， 作物栽培学与耕作学， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 本试验分别采用两个方案四个试验来研究在甘蔗分蘖初期和伸长初期喷施“旱地龙”对甘蔗效应的影响。两个方案均在甘蔗分蘖初期、伸长初期喷施不同浓度即0g/L、2g/L、4g/L、6g/L的“旱地龙”。第一方案为新植蔗桶栽干旱胁迫试验,主要测定与抗旱有关的生理指标;第二方案为大田宿根正常栽培试验,主要测定其农艺性状、生理指标、叶片氮、磷、钾含量、甘蔗产量性状和品质分析。主要试验结果如下:1、喷施“旱地龙”对甘蔗抗旱性的影响。在甘蔗分蘖初期、伸长初期通过桶栽人工控水模拟干旱胁迫条件下喷施“旱地龙”,探讨最佳抗旱保护剂量和喷施时期,结果表明:1)甘蔗分蘖初期喷施2g/L“旱地龙”处理能明显提高干旱胁迫后过氧化物酶、多酚氧化酶活性;提高渗透调节物质脯氨酸含量,增加胞质浓度;降低膜质过氧化物丙二醛含量;迅速提高干旱胁迫后叶绿素含量;降低或减缓膜透性。2)在甘蔗伸长初期喷施4g/L“旱地龙”效果最好,其过氧化物酶、多酚氧化酶活性、脯氨酸含量、丙二醛含量、叶绿素含量、膜透性的变化表现出与分蘖初期相同的趋势。2、喷施“旱地龙”对大田甘蔗生理指标的影响。在宿根蔗复垄期、分蘖和伸长初期通过对大田正常栽培的宿根甘蔗喷施不同浓度“旱地龙”来研究最佳的喷施浓度和时期,结果表明:1)宿根蔗复垄期和分蘖初期分别喷施“旱地龙”浓度4g/L能明显提高其硝酸还原酶活性;稳步持久提高叶片可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白和叶绿素含量,为高产稳产打下基础;提高叶片对氮、磷、钾吸收或积累。2)宿根蔗复垄期和伸长初期分别喷施6g/L的“旱地龙”处理效果最好,表现出喷施浓度越高对产量提高效果越好的变化趋势。其酶活性,叶片可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白和叶绿素含量及叶片中氮含量或积累等表现出与分蘖初期相似的变化趋势。3、“旱地龙”对甘蔗生长、品质、效益的影响。在宿根蔗复垄期、分蘖和伸长初期通过对大田正常栽培的宿根甘蔗喷施不同浓度“旱地龙”来研究农艺性状、品质性状从而获得最高收益。结果表明:不同时期施用不同浓度“旱地龙”表现出不同效果。1)在甘蔗复垄期和分蘖初期喷施“旱地龙”4g/L能显著提高甘蔗生长速度、增粗茎径、提高单茎重;提高甘蔗蔗糖含量,提高甘蔗锤度,蔗汁重力纯度;提高压榨品质;降低蔗汁中还原糖含量;提高单位面积产量和单位面积蔗茎含蔗糖量,最终获得的甘蔗产量、品质和经济收入最佳。2)在甘蔗复垄期和伸长初期喷施不同浓度“旱地龙”研究结果表现出浓度越高甘蔗产量、品质、经济效益越好的现象,处理中的最高浓度6g/L为效果最佳。更多还原

【Abstract】 This experiment used two scheme and dispart four different methods to spray "Handilong" with sugarcane at the same time,for the purpose of researching the effect on sugarcane.Two scheme,The sugarcane were sprayed with different dose 0g/L,2g/L,4g/L,6g/L "Handilong" in the early tillering and growth stage respectively and the same time.SchemeⅠshows that the lodge root of sugarcane is cultivated,determine its agricultural character,physiological index of leafage,yield,quality,etc.SchemeⅡshows that the sugarcane is cultivated in the barrel in the drought condition.Determine the physiological index correlation with drought situation.The main results are as follows:1、Effect of "Handilong" on sugarcane in drought resistance with barrel cultivatedTo approach the best drought-relief quantity,the contents of several physiological and biochemical indexes in the early days of sugarance’s tiller and growth duration were determined in the pot experiment under drought stress by controlling water artificially.The following results were made:In the early days of tiller,the treatment with "dragon on land" spraying concentration of 2g/L significantly improve the activities of Peroxide(POD) and Polyphenol Oxidase(PPO)emzymes,the contents of Proline(Pro)and chlorophyl.At the same time,this treatment decreased Malondialdehyde (MDA)of the spawn of membrance lipid peroxidation and the relatively electric(REC)rate.In the early days of growth duration,the best effect is produced by the treatment with "Handilong" spraying concentration of 4g/L.The physiological and biochemical indexes have a similar trend to that in the early days of tiller.Because of the considerable difference between pot experiment and field experiment,the result can’t give a complete presentation of the environment in the field.The field experiment should be required.Additional,because of the limitations of pot experiment,the yield and economic benefits can’t be determined.2、"Handilong" influence on sugarcane lodge root physiological indexSpray different titer "Handilong" at early tillering stage and early growth stage,research optimal spraying time and titer,the results show that spray 4g/L "Handilong" with sugarcane at the early stage can improve the activity of Nitrate reductase(NR),this activity has permanence.Increase the content of solubility sugar(SS)and solubility protein(SP)and chlorophyll steadily and persistent,at the base of high and stabilize yield.Increase the dose of N, P and K or accumulation inside of the leaf,which the high content of N or accumulation inside of the leaf is the representation of bloom growth.At the early growth stage spray "Handilong" shows 6g/L dose which spray with the sugarcane is the best,it shows that the high dose spray,the high effect will have.Enzyme of activity,solubility sugar,solubility protein,chlorophyl,the content of N,P and K or accumulation show the same changes tread as the tillering stage.3、Influence on sugarcane’s growth,quality and benefit by spraying "Handilong"On the study of spraying different dose "Handilong" in normal planted sugarcane at the stage of early tillering and growth,then find the best growth speed and press quality and the highest benefit.The results show that at different duration spraying different dose of "Handilong" can attain different benefit.At the tillering stage,spraying 4g/L "Handilong" can improve the tillering growth speed and augment stem diameter and added the weight of the stem;and improve the sugar content of the sugarcane’s stem and juice;enhance it’s tall and the weight of the juice;reduce the sugarcane’s fibre;improve the sugarcane’s quality;then improve the yield and the stems content sugar of unit acreage,finally,receive the best sugar quality、the highest yield and the best ecomic incomes.However,spraying different dose of "Handilong" at the growth initial proved,the dose is higher and the sugar yield、quality and economy benefit is better,its different with the tillering stage,the highest treat dose is 6g/L can receive the best sugarcane quality、the best theory yield and the best economy benefit.But this trail only set four different level doses,and the higher dose of "Handilong" can receive better effect.更多还原