【作者】 周伟；

【导师】 雷亚芳；

【作者基本信息】 西北农林科技大学 ， 木材科学与技术， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 随着人们对绿色生活的重视,软木产品在人们生活中占据越来越重要的地位,世界对软木资源的需求也逐渐增加。软木聚结板能充分利用劣质软木和边角料,并且保存软木的耐磨、耐水、抗老化、弹性好、密度低、隔热、吸音、抗震等优良特性,同时也存在一些不足之处,最主要的问题在于其物理力学性能较差。为了改善软木聚结板的物理力学性能,增强软木粒子之间的结合,充分发挥软木特性的同时减少软木的消耗,本研究在软木聚结板中添加纤维作为增强材料,探讨软木与纤维复合材料的生产工艺,并对几种产品的性能进行比较。通过实验得出的主要结论如下:1、软木聚结板实验使用直热式热压工艺,软木聚结板可以一次成型,减少了生产工艺环节,节约成本。通过正交方法分析胶料配比、施胶量、热压温度和热压时间对软木聚结板主要物理力学性能的影响,结果表明:胶料配比对软木聚结板各性能指标的影响均不显著;施胶量对软木聚结板耐水性的影响显著,对抗拉强度影响极显著,施胶量越大,板材的耐水性越好,抗拉强度越高;热压温度对软木聚结板耐水性的影响显著,对可压缩性影响极显著,热压温度提高,耐水性先降低后增强,可压缩性持续增加;热压时间对软木聚结板耐水性的影响极显著,对可压缩性影响显著,热压时间越长,耐水性越好,压缩性能却越差。软木聚结板的最佳生产工艺参数为:热压温度150℃,热压时间30 min,施胶量10%,胶料配比0.15。2、首次使用龙须草作为增强材料与软木粒子进行复合,研究纤维比例、施胶量、热压温度和热压时间四个因素对板材性能的影响,结果表明:随着纤维比例的增加龙须草纤维软木复合板的厚度吸水膨胀率有明显的增加,抗拉强度增加不明显,可压缩性有明显的增加,回弹率没有明显变化。龙须草纤维软木复合板的最佳生产工艺参数为:纤维比例20%,施胶量5%,热压温度150℃,热压时间15 min。3、沙柳纤维软木复合板与纯软木聚结板相比,耐水性大幅下降,抗拉强度有明显增加,可压缩性差别不大,回弹率明显增加。4、麦秸秆纤维软木复合板与纯软木聚结板相比,耐水性明显下降,抗拉强度有所增加,但增幅较小,可压缩性差别不大,回弹率略有增加。5、龙须草纤维软木复合板、沙柳纤维软木复合板和麦秸秆纤维软木复合板三种软木纤维复合材料相比,以沙柳纤维为增强材料的复合板抗拉强度提高最大。更多还原

【Abstract】 Along with the people attach importance to green-life, cork products take more and more important role in life, and the needs to cork resource grows in the world. Cork agglomerates can make the most of poor quality cork and leftover material, and keep the good property such as abrasion proofing, waterproofing, anti-aging, good elasticity, low density, heat insulation, sound absorbing, aseismatic, however it has some defect and the main problem is its insufficiency in physics mechanic property. In order to improve the physic mechanic property of cork agglomerates, enhance the combining between cork grindings, make the best of cork and deduce the use of cork, fiber can be used as reinforcing material in cork agglomerate boards. This experiment research into the manufacturing technique of fiber and cork composite material, and compared the property of these products. And the main conclusions are as follows:1. Cork agglomerate board use direct heating technique, can be molded in one step, which could reduce manufacturing process and save the cost. This text uses orthogonal experiment to analyze the ratio of MDI and VAE, glue consumption, hot-pressing temperature and time effects on the physical mechanical property of cork agglomerate board. The results show that ratio of MDI and VAE had not significantly affect on the property of cork agglomerate board, glue consumption has significantly affect on the waterproofing and tensile of cork agglomerate board, the more glue consumption, the better waterproofing and the higher tensile. Hot-pressing temperature has a notable affect on waterproofing and condensability of cork agglomerate cork. When the hot-pressing temperature rose, the waterproofing reduced first and increased later, while condensability increased all the way. Hot-pressing time has a notable affect on waterproofing and condensability of cork agglomerate cork. The longer the time is, the better the waterproofing, however the worse the condensability. The optimum parameters were determined as: ratio of MDI to VAE at 0.25, glue consumption of 10%, hot pressing at 150℃and for duration of 30 minutes.2. First time use Eulaliopsis binata (Retz.) C. E. Hubb. as reinforcing material to composite with cork grinding. Use orthogonal experiment to analyze the fiber proportion, glue consumption, hot-pressing temperature and time effect on the property of cork composition board. It indicates that while Eulaliopsis binata (Retz.) C. E. Hubb. increased, cork composition board have an obviously increasing in thickness swelling rate of water absorption, an indistinctly increasing in tensile strengthen, and a distinctly increasing in condensability. The optimum parameters were determined as: fiber proportion at 20%, glue consumption of 5%, hot pressing at 150℃and for duration of 15 minutes.3. Compared with cork agglomerate board, wood-fiber and cork composition products have a greatly reducing in water resistance, obviously increasing in tensile strengthen, not distinct difference in condensability, and an obviously increasing in rebound elasticity.4. Compared with cork agglomerate board, straw and cork composition products have a greatly reducing in water resistance, certain increasing in tensile strengthen, not distinct difference in condensability, and a slightly increasing in rebound elasticity.5. Compared Eulaliopsis binata (Retz.) C. E. Hubb., wood-fiber and straw used as reinforcing material composite with cork, wood-fiber is the best one in improving tensile strength.更多还原