【作者】 常红萍；

【导师】 张磊；

【作者基本信息】 西北农林科技大学 ， 科学技术史， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 经济组织是我国农村最普遍最基本的社会组织之一。明清两代处于封建社会后期,在江南地区首先出现了资本主义萌芽,社会生产力和生产关系发生变化,农村经济组织也随之在江南地区不断演化、发展,除了存留有过去的经济组织:牙行、典当、合会,还出现了适应明清当时的社会经济发展状况的新的经济组织:经济型乡族组织、会馆公所、善会善堂、商会、农会。江南农村经济组织虽然只是以雏形、萌芽的形式而显现,但具有强烈的时代特色和鲜明的地域特点,对明清江南农村的发展产生了重大影响,研究其具有典型意义。本文从明清江南农村经济组织产生的条件入手,比较全面地、深入地阐述了明清江南农村八种类型经济组织的概况、特点、功能等等,并论述了农村经济组织与明清社会经济、政治、思想文化三者之间的关系,最后落足于对现在经济组织的发展提供借鉴,为解决“三农问题”,加快新农村建设提供一些途径。对明清江南农村经济组织的研究本文主要从以下几个方面展开:第一章导言:说明本文的研究目的和意义,对本文的研究对象江南、经济组织进行界定,明确本文的研究范畴,说明本研究的思路和方法,并把国内外对经济组织的研究概况作一阐述,提出文章的创新之处。第二章明清江南农村经济组织产生和发展的条件:因为研究的是经济组织产生和发展的条件,因此主要论述经济组织产生的经济条件,并联系明清时期江南农村的一些内外条件,说明明清江南农村经济组织产生和发展的必然性。第三章明清江南农村经济组织的概况:这一部分是文章的重点,从明清江南农村经济组织形成的来源入手,把明清江南地区农村经济组织总分为过去的存留的经济组织和新建的经济组织两部分进行论述,并从概况、特征、功能等方面分别阐述这一时期江南农村八种类型的经济组织(牙行、典当、合会、经济型乡族组织、会馆公所、善会善堂、商会、农会)。第四章明清江南农村经济组织与明清社会:把江南农村经济组织放入明清社会这个大的时代背景下,重点分析江南农村经济组织与明清经济、政治、文化三方面的关系。第五章分析与结论:在更广阔的视野里对明清江南农村经济组织进行总结,并对我国农村经济组织进行反思,为现今农村经济组织的发展提供借鉴。更多还原

【Abstract】 The Economic organizations is one of the most generally and the most basic social organizations in our country rural.Ming and Qing dynasties the late feudal society, first appeared the budding capitalist in JiangNan rural,social productive forces and relations of production change, economic organizations in rural also will be evolving in JiangNan rural, In addition to the remaining economic organizations over the past: Yahang(trade agents or agency)、Pawn、RCAs,adapt to the Ming and Qing dynasty which has been at the socio-economic development of the new economic organizations : Economic clan organizations、Guild、Charity、Chamber of Commerce、Agriculture Council. The Economic organizations in JiangNan rural, although only in embryonic form, in the form of budding show, but with a strong and distinctive features of the times, had a major impact on JiangNan rural of Ming and Qing Dynasties. This paper, start with the creation and development of conditions of the economic organizations in JiangNan rural during Ming and Qing Dynasties, more comprehensive, in-depth exposition of economic organizations in JiangNan rural during Ming and Qing Dynasties of the eight types of profiles, features, functions, etc.,and the relations between the economic organizations in JiangNan rural and the socio-economic, political, ideological and cultural of Ming and Qing Dynasties,the last full-on now in the development of economic organizations for reference.The economic organizations in JiangNan rural during Ming and Qing Dynasties in this paper mainly from the following aspects:Chapter 1 Introduction: In this paper, study on this paper’s purpose and significance , define the scope of the study in this paper clearly, Note this study ideas and methods, profile on the study of economy organization at home and abroad, found this article innovation.Chapter 2 The creation and development of conditions of the economic organizations in JiangNan rural during Ming and Qing Dynasties:Because the study is an creation and development of conditions of economic organizations,the condition discussing the economy that economic organizations produces therefore mainly,contact some inside and outside condition of JiangNan rural area , explain that Ming and Qing Dynasties JiangNan rural economic organizations the certainty coming into being and developing.Chapter 3 General situation of the economic organizations in JiangNan rural during Ming and Qing Dynasties: This part is the article priority part,start with the source that the forms of the economic organizations in Jiang Nan rural during Ming and Qing Dynasties, discussed the economic organizations for new-built economy and past existing keeps organize two parts, discuss this Eight economic organizations (Yahang(trade agents or agency)、pawn、RCAs、Economic clan organizations、Guild、Charity、Chamber of Commerce、Agriculture Council).Chapter 4 The economic organizations in JiangNan rural during Ming and Qing Dynasties and Ming and Qing Dynasties society:Add the economic organizations in JiangNan rural during Ming and Qing Dynasties to this the social background of the times, the focus of relations between the economic organizations in JiangNan rural and economic, political and cultural of Ming and Qing Dynasties.Chapter 5 Analysis and Conclusions: carries out a summary on the economic organizations in JiangNan rural during Ming and Qing Dynasties. Sum up economic organizations in a broader vision, provide reference for the development of the rural economy Organization today .Studied on the economic organizations in JiangNan rural during Ming and Qing Dynasties is weak, this paper put the economic organizations in JiangNan rural during Ming and Qing Dynasties as a case , intention to focus on the general situation of the economic organizations , with a view to complete the prototype of t he economic organizations in JiangNan rural during Ming and Qing Dynasties emerged. From the Ming and Qing Dynasties economic organizations in the development and transformation experience, to today’s rural economic organizations for the development of recommendations to address the "three agricultural problems" and accelerate the construction of new rural areas to provide some way.更多还原