【作者】 陈国亮；

【导师】 郭建斌；

【作者基本信息】 北京林业大学 ， 生态环境工程， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 我国森林功能区划目前主要以大尺度进行区划为主,这种区划手段可以从宏观上较好地加以控制,但尚缺乏中尺度和小尺度的区划。本文以鹫峰国家森林公园为研究对象,制作鹫峰森林功能图,就是在中小尺度上对森林功能区划的一种尝试和体现。本研究以“3S”技术为手段,结合森林二类清查资料和野外样地调查数据,探讨与研究局部地区(如林场)森林在不同地段中所起的作用,为此需要对研究区域的土壤类型、土壤厚度等因子以及中小地貌、植被类型等特征进行分析与评估。常规的森林功能图制作是在确定每个地段的森林功能后,在地形图或遥感影像图中手工勾绘,本研究是以GIS为平台,并结合航空照片、DEM图、林相图等进行空间分析,在此基础上进行森林功能区的制图。森林区划中的小班划分是以地类、林分类型、地貌等因子进行区划的,但坡向、坡度等的目视观测精度不高,因此在研究中应用了1/万的DEM图,查询了相应小班的坡向、坡度修改了原二类清查数据中小班的数据,但应用了原二类清查数据中小班的植被类型、测树因子。在采集了多种划分森林功能图的因子后,选用地类、海拔、坡度、坡向等13个因子,选择聚类分析的数学模型进行了分析,进而制作了森林功能图。鹫峰国家森林公园是从原北京林业大学教学实验林场改建而成的,是具有森林公园、教学试验等多种属性功能的森林。由于鹫峰陡坡较多,土层较浅,因此还具有水源涵养、水土保持等功能。根据森林在不同地段的功能特点,应用聚类分析方法,把鹫峰国家森林公园划分为水源涵养林、水土保持林、游憩风景林、景观经济林和实验林5类森林功能区。本研究取得了以下进展:(1)应用数字化、三维模拟可视化、空间分析方法实现了功能图的制作。(2)采用了“3S”技术结合实地调查的方法完成了对数据的采集,实现了多源数据的综合应用。(3)科学合理的数学模型实现了功能分类。(4)初步探讨了森林功能制图的流程更多还原

【Abstract】 At present, forest function regionalization in China is mainly on large-scale. The method can be easily macro-controlled. But it is short of division on meso-scale and small-scale. The text took Jiufeng Forest Park as researching objective and made Jiufeng forest functions map. We considered it as a trying and reflection of forest function division on meso-scale and small-scale. On the basis of“3S”technology, the second forest check data and the field investigated data, the text discussed and researched the role that partial local forest (such as forest farm) played in different sections. Therefore, it was needed to analyzed and evaluated some factors, such as soil type, soil thickness and some features, such as small and medium-sized landscape, vegetation type. In Jiufeng Forest Park, the landscape features, tourist attractions and lines shoud be paid more attention when we divided forest function regions.Normally, forest function map was made through manually sketched on topographic maps and remote sensing image maps after determining the forest function of each section. Basing on the GIS, aerial photos, DEM maps and stock maps, we made the map of forest function sections.Patch division in forest regionalization is on the basis of factors, such as land categories,stand types and geomorphology. But the visual observation accuracy of slope and aspect was not enough. So, in the research, we modified the slopes and aspects of the second forest check data by inquirying 1/10000 DEM map. But vegetation types and tree survey factors of the second forest check data was used. After collecting various factors of dividing forest function, we selected 13 factors (land category, altitude, slope, aspect, and so on) and used Cluster Analysis Model to analyze. And then, we made a forest function map.Jiufeng Forest Park was reconstructed from education experiment forest of Beijing Forest University. It has many functions, such as forest park, education experiment. Jiufeng has many steep slopes and its soil layer is superficial, so Jiufeng Forest Park also has such functions as conserving water and soil. According to forest functions in different sections, making use of Cluster Analysis method, we divided Jiufeng Forest Park into 5 kinds of functions areas: water resource conservation forest, water and soil conservation forest, recreation forest, scenic economic forest and experimental forest.更多还原