【作者】 张丽；

【导师】 马正平；

【作者基本信息】 四川师范大学 ， 课程与教学论， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 “申论”是2000年以来国家公务员考试科目之一,作为一种新兴的写作考试形式,“申论”的内涵及写作内在机制亟待研究者进行较为深入的解读。对申论写作内在机制的研究无疑是研究的重要维度之一,现代写作学研究表明:从主体性的层面上讲,写作就是写作思维,写作的本质就是写作思维的本质。要冲破申论写作内在机制神秘的藩篱,就要对其写作思维进行揭示,由此可见从写作思维的角度对申论进行研究是有着重要的意义的。本文共分为三章来阐述申论写作的写作思维理论与操作。第一章主要通过对“申论”历史的追本溯源,对“申论”的内涵有了基本认知:申论是对某一社会现象或问题进行分析与论证的过程,进行申论的目的是使行政决策科学化。在第二章中对写作思维、申论的写作思维原理进行了较为详细的论述。写作行为通过写作思维的展开生成意思网络并进行表达,生成文本,写作思维过程的操作运转能力,表现为建构起写作思维的操作模型。“申论”中的写作思维以逻辑性思维为主,其写作思维原理也就表现为:一、通过多层次、多维的原因分析与综合、多维的背景分析与综合思维获得对现象的本质认识;其中运用构成分析、过程分析获得对现象的层次性认识;运用程度分析对原因、背景因素进行重要性排序;二、通过多层次、多维的功能分析与综合思维,获得对现象的前瞻性认识,预见问题将引发的后果;并运用程度分析对其功能重要性进行排序;三、运用措施分析与综合思维生成应对性措施。从原因、背景、功能分析中进行相应的措施分析与综合思维,运用程度分析与综合思维对措施的重要性进行排序。第三章侧重于对申论写作的各个环节写作思维的具体运用进行阐述。这部分从申论的阅读部分、概括内容部分、对策写作部分、论证写作部分四个环节分别论述了其写作思维具体操作过程。运用一整套写作思维操作技术进行申论写作思维的展开、分蘖,写作将变得更为容易,也就是在这一维度上,本文希望通过对申论写作思维的探索,为中国写作教学实践尽一点绵薄之力。更多还原

【Abstract】 As one kind of newly test form of employing the civil servants, since it has been carried out in 2000, the subject of“The proposal”urgently calls for a more thorough explanation which can reveal its connotation and inner mechanism . The modern writing study research indicated: Says from the independent stratification plane,the process of writing is the process of thoughts running. The core spirit of writing behavior is how to run your thoughts. Therefore, to break through the proposal writing’s intrinsic mechanism is an important step in proposal writing process. No doubt we say that conducts the research from the writing thought’s angle to the proposal have vital significance.Based on writing thought theories,this article divides into three parts to elaborate the proposal writing, on theory and the operation.The first chapter is mainly disscussing on the proposal’s historical origin. Through this historical racing to give readers a basic cognition:The process of proposal wrting is analyzing and demonstrating certain social phenomenon or social problem. The goal of the proposal is to make the policy more scientific.In second chapter:the thsis carry on more clear introduction of writing thought theory and made a more detailed elaboration on the proposal thoughts runing. Through writing thought’s expansion, the writing behavior production significance, and carries on the expression, and production the text. Thus, the writing thought’s operation turns into the text maninulation model. Concretely, the proposal’s writing thought expressing as follows: firstly, through multi-level, multi-dimensional analysis ,and through the multi-dimensional background analysis and the synthesis to obtain a essence knew of the phenomenon. Through the constitution analysis, the process analysis obtain to the phenomenon layered understanding; Through the degree analysis to the reason, the background carries on important sorting; Secondly , Through multi-level, multi-dimensional functional analysis and synthesis to have a foresightedness of the phenomenon ; through the degree analysis to clear its function importance; Thirdly,through step analysis and Comprehensive thought engender adaptable measure. From the reasons, the background, the functional analysis of the corresponding measures analysis and synthesis thinking, analysis and synthesis using the extent of the importance of thinking sort.The third chapter fouses on the proposal writing’s all links. In this section, the article disscuss from four aspects: the reading parts, the general content part, the feasibility studies part;and the discusseing part.Generally speaking, through launching the whole set of writing thought to operative on proposal writing , the writing is become easier. It is on this point ,I hope I can give some beneficial contribution to the proposal writing reasearch, and to the Chinese writing teaching practice.更多还原