【作者】 杨波；

【导师】 曾兴雯；

【作者基本信息】 西安电子科技大学 ， 通信与信息系统， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 无线传感器网络(WSN)是计算机科学技术中一个新的研究领域,它融合了传感器技术、嵌入式技术和网络通信技术等当今众多热门技术,具有十分广阔的应用前景。由于传感器节点的电池能量有限,因此无线传感器网络的路由设计应有效的利用能量,以延长网络的生命周期。本文针对LEACH算法中簇头分配不均以及簇头与Sink节点直接通信的问题,提出了一种基于蚁群算法的无线传感器网络路由算法。该算法根据节点能量选举簇头,并利用蚁群算法简单易于实现、支持多路径的特点,通过各相邻簇头节点间相互交换各自的距离和剩余能量值信息,从而在整个网络中建立与更新簇头间的信息素浓度,然后根据信息素浓度计算各相邻簇头被选择作为下一跳的概率,形成簇间路由。最后,本文利用NS2仿真工具对该算法进行了仿真。仿真结果表明,与LEACH算法相比,该算法在能量消耗与延长网络生存周期等方面具有更好的性能。更多还原

【Abstract】 Wireless Sensor network (WSN) is a new research area of computer science and technology. It consists of the convergence of sensor, micro-electro-mechanism system and network technologies and will have a variety of applications in the future. Since the sensors with limited battery energy, the routing in Wireless Sensor network must be energy efficient in order to prolong the lifetime of the network. This paper proposed an ant-colony based routing algorithm of WSN for the problem of cluster-heads distributed uneven and transmitting to sink node directly.The algorithm selects the cluster-heads based on energy. Using the characteristics of ant algorithm, including easy to be realized, supporting multi-path, the cluster-heads exchange the information of its distance and remaining energy with its neighborhood. Then the distance and remaining energy of the neighborhood are integrated into the computation of pheromone concentration. Finally the data packet will choose its next hop with probability, which is computed on the basis of pheromone value.Finally, this paper simulated the new algorithm using NS2. The results of simulation show that the algorithm has better characteristic in average energy dissipated and prolonging network lifetime than LEACH.更多还原