含辣素衍生结构丙烯酰胺聚合物的合成及性能研究

【作者】 纪文静；

【导师】 于良民；

【作者基本信息】 中国海洋大学 ， 应用化学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 本论文在不使用交联剂的条件下,以自制含辣素衍生结构单体——N-(4-羟基-3-甲氧基-苯甲基)丙烯酰胺(简称HMBA)、N-(4-羟基-2-甲基-5-甲硫基-苯甲基)丙烯酰胺(简称HMMBA)及含胡椒环功能结构单体N-[6-(丙烯酰胺甲基)-1,3-苯并二氧杂戊环-5-甲基]丙烯酰胺(简称AMBMA)为功能单体,分别与丙烯酰胺(简称AM)进行自由基共聚反应得到了三类含辣素衍生结构的丙烯酰胺类凝胶;在水溶液中,以HMBA为功能单体与丙烯酰胺进行聚合反应,得到了水溶性丙烯酰胺共聚物,并在此基础上制备出了有机无机复合絮凝剂;并通过红外光谱对合成的有机聚合物进行了结构表征。对凝胶的吸水和保水性能进行了研究发现,对照的AM-HMAM凝胶(N-羟甲基丙烯酰胺简称HMAM)和PHMAM凝胶(均聚N-羟甲基丙烯酰胺简称PHMAM)5 h内的平衡溶胀度分别为318.4%和86.6%,而自制的AM-HMBA、AM-HMMBA和AM-AMBMA则分别为643.2%、312.5%和405.0%;对照的AM-HMAM凝胶和PHMAM凝胶在60℃下5 h内的保水率分别为10.8%和19.5%,而自制的AM-HMBA、AM-HMMBA和AM-AMBMA凝胶分别为39.2%、49.1%和41.3%。对AM-HMAM和AM-HMMBA系列凝胶的吸水动力学过程进行了探讨,结果表明扩散机理特性指数n基本接近0.5,属于Fickian扩散。对复合絮凝剂进行了絮凝性能研究发现,所得复合絮凝剂对高岭土模拟水样有较高的除浊能力。当复合絮凝剂的投加量为5mg/L时,可使高岭土的沉降速度提高33倍,约为使用市售聚合氯化铝絮凝剂时的13倍,为加入未复合絮凝剂的3倍。另外,模拟地下温度环境对凝胶的形成、二次凝胶的制备方法进行了初步探讨,为进一步研究开发油田堵水调剖及驱油用凝胶提供了依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 Three types of polyacrylamide gels were studied in this work., which were synthesized from acrylamide(AM) with relevant monomers via radical copolymerization in aqueous solution. The monomers should contain derivant of capsaicin, such as N-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-benzyl)-acrylamide(HMBA), N-(4-hydroxy-2-methyl-5-methylthio-benzyl)-acrylamide(HMMBA) or N-[6-(acryloylamino-methyl)-benzo(1,3)dioxo-5-methyl]-acrylamide (AMBMA). The polymers were identified by FTIR.The polyacrylamide gels could be synthesized without using cross-linking agent. The gels had better equilibrium swelling degree, water absorbing rate, water retention rate and strength than AM-N-hydroxymethyl acrylamide gel and homogeneously N-hydroxymethyl acrylamide(PHMAM) gel. The equilibrium swelling degree of AM-HMBA, AM-HMMBA and AM-AMBMA gel are 643.2% , 312.5% and 405.0% separately in 5 hours, and that of AM-N-hydroxymethyl acrylamide and PHMAM gel are 318.4% and 86.6% separately. The 5-hour retention property of water at 60℃of AM-HMBA, AM-HMMBA and AM-AMBMA gel are 39.2%, 49.1% and 41.3% separately, and that of AM-N-hydroxymethyl acrylamide and PHMAM gel are only 10.8% and 19.5% separately.The hydrodynamics of swelling process of AM-HMBA and AM-HMMBA gels in water were studied. The indexes of diffusion characteristic are close to 0.5. The transport mechanism belonged to Fickian transport.The water-solubile AM-HMBA polymers were compounded with inorganic flocculant. The treatment of kaoline suspension solution showed that the compound flocculant had well flocculating ability. When using 5mg/L compound flocculant, the sedimentation rate of kaoline was 13 times higher than using polyaluminium chloride and 3 times higher than using uncompound flocculant.In addition, the gelatin property of polyacrylamide gels at different temperature simulating underground environment were discussed. Those could offer help for further study in exploiting polymers which were suitable for water-plugging used in oil field.更多还原