【作者】 黄文凯；

【导师】 华欲飞；

【作者基本信息】 江南大学 ， 粮食、油脂及植物蛋白工程， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 大豆肽无论在营养特性、加工特性还是生理功能上都有其独特之处,在食品工业中具有十分广泛的用途。本论文采用膜分离方法处理Alcalase蛋白酶水解大豆蛋白制得的大豆肽,对大豆粗肽液的澄清处理、大豆肽液超滤的工艺优化和超滤膜富集免疫活性大豆肽,以及大豆肽液纳滤脱盐的分离特性进行了系统的研究,目的是为免疫活性大豆肽的工业化生产提供一种供参考的途径。在大豆粗肽液的澄清处理实验中,以经处理后肽液的蛋白得率、TCA溶解度、浊度为研究对象比较了微滤和板框过滤两种处理方式对大豆肽液性质的影响。结果表明:两种处理方式均能达到对粗大豆肽液进行除杂,得到澄清大豆肽液的目的。经两种处理方式处理后所得到的肽液在TCA溶解度、浊度等方面性质相差不大,微滤处理蛋白得率较板框过滤处理高。在大豆肽液超滤处理实验中,对大豆肽的超滤膜分离特性进行研究,考察了不同操作压力、温度,不同料液浓度、pH值对超滤膜通量的影响;考察了膜孔径、材料,料液pH值对大豆肽分子量分布和碱性肽相对含量的影响及大豆肽超滤处理前后对小鼠体外免疫功能的影响。结果表明:从通量来看,截留分子量为8000和5000的超滤膜的最佳操作参数分别为:操作压力0.55MPa、料液温度40℃、料液pH值7.0、操作时间周期180min;操作压力0.55MPa、料液温度40℃、料液pH值4.0、操作时间周期180min。大豆肽本身具有免疫增强作用,而经过一定条件的超滤膜处理后,大豆肽的免疫增强作用得到了显著提高。其中在pH4.0条件下采用MWCO5000超滤膜处理后的大豆肽其促进巨噬细胞吞噬异物的能力和促进小鼠淋巴细胞增殖能力均为最强。在大豆肽纳滤脱盐实验中,考察了纳滤膜对大豆肽液除盐的分离过程中的肽液N及Cl-含量的变化情况。结果表明:采用截留分子量为150的纳滤膜能较好地用于大豆肽液的脱盐,经过采用非连续间歇恒容脱盐方法,总脱盐率能达到81.46%,而肽液中N浓度也从5g/L浓缩到24.57g/L,说明利用该过程对大豆肽液有较好的脱盐浓缩效果,能较好的满足实际生产要求。更多还原

【Abstract】 Soybean peptide has many special processing properties, nutritional properties and physiological functionalities and has a wide use in food industry. This paper studies the clarification of soybean peptide, the processing of ultrafiltration separation of soybean peptide and enrichment of the immuno-activated soybean peptide, and the desalination with nanofiltration membrane of soybean peptide. It offers a method for the industrialized production of immuno-activated soybean peptide.The yield of protein, TCA solubility, turbidity of soybean peptide after clarification was observed to comparative two ways: ultrafiltration and plate filtration. It was shown that they both could clarify soybean peptide. The soybean peptide after these two ways clarification were almost the same in TCA solubility, turbidity, and the yield of protein of soybean peptide after ultrafiltration was higher than that after plate filtration.In the ultrafiltration experiment, how those major ultrafiltrtion-system parameters: pressure, temperature, concentration and pH affecting the membrane flux, how MWCO, materials and pH affecting the molecular weight distributing and basic peptide content, and the effects of soybean peptide treated by fore-and-aft ultrafiltration on immune functions of mice in vitro was studied. It was shown that the ultrafiltration membrane with 8000 MWCO (Molecular Weight Cutoff) should run 180min for a cycle at 0.55MPa, 40℃and pH7.0; when the ultrafiltration membrane with 5000 MWCO should run 180min for a cycle at 0.55MPa, 40℃and pH4.0. all of the peptides could enhance immune function in mice; ultrafiltration treatment on peptide can improve the immune function of peptide effectively and the peptide which was treated by MWCO 5000 under pH4.0 has the highest activity.In the nanofiltration experiment, the nitrogen and chlorine content was observed. It was shown that thenanofiltration membrane with 150 MWCO can be used in the desalting of soybean peptide. The total desalting ratio was 81.46% and the nitrogen content was condensed from 5g/L to 24.57g/L after the discontinuous batch diafiltration. It was indicated that nanofiltration can be used effectively in desalting of soybean peptide and meet the need of industrial production.更多还原