【作者】 李艳；

【导师】 王炤文；

【作者基本信息】 江南大学 ， 机械设计及理论， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 在当前世界范围内力求实现可持续发展和节能降耗的大趋势下,水源热泵技术以其节能效果明显、符合环保要求等特点引起了世界各国的重视。地表水源热泵是一种利用浅层地表水资源,既可供暖又可制冷的高效节能热泵系统。地表水源分别在冬季作为热泵供暖的热源,在夏季作为制冷的冷源。由于水源温度较空气源温度稳定,因此水源热泵系统较空气源热泵系统运行会更稳定。虽然该系统具有节能、环保、高效的特点,但是它的应用需要一定的条件,并且有些应用技术尚未深入的研究,所以导致目前地表水源热泵在应用上存在一定的盲目性,这样大大不利于该技术的应用与推广。为了解决上述问题,本文采用工程应用与理论分析相结合的方法,对系统的性能特性进行研究与优化。本文以江南大学新校区体育馆工程地表水源热泵项目为研究对象,对大规模的地表水源热泵空调系统相关性能进行了研究。从试点工程具体情况出发,根据工程概况、气候特点、使用要求、冷热负荷、水源条件以及地表水源热泵系统对水温水质水量的要求,对地表水源热泵系统在江南大学体育馆工程中的应用进行了实例设计,详细介绍了水源水系统、机房、自动控制设计等方面,并阐述了系统设计中的技术要点。以其为研究对象,对大规模的地表水源热泵空调系统相关性能进行了研究。分析了沪宁杭地区的气候和水资源条件以及地表水源热泵对水源的要求,概括了地表水源热泵系统的优点及存在的问题,并提出可以采取的应用措施,指出高效节能环保的地表水源热泵系统可以作为江南地区建筑冬季供暖夏季制冷的优先选择。根据热力学和数学理论分析了地表水源热泵的节能原理,给出了水源热泵能效比与水源温度关系的数学表达式。基于工程应用实际,建立了地表水源热泵运行的节能经济指标。分析了地表水源制冷工况与制热工况循环系统的热力性能,计算出了机组的性能系数、热力完善度、yong效率以及冷凝器、压缩机、蒸发器和节流阀的yong损失,为机组的改进和试验提供依据。分析了机组及系统运行状况,在此基础上对其进行优化设计,详细介绍了潜水泵变频调速供水技术控制方法、水泵变频范围的确定及节能效果分析。针对目前地表水源热泵机组的运行方式存在的问题。提出热泵机组新的运行方式,并通过两种运行方式能耗比较分析,证明新的运行调节方式的技能性与可行性。针对不同工程中冬夏季不同水源水温及环境温度,对不同开式水系统的布置方式——水源水直接进入机组方式、混水方式、板式换热器方式、辅助加热或冷却方式进行了研究,以期指导水源热泵系统更好的推广应用。本文所完成的工作及所得出的各种结论对水源热泵系统的技术发展具有一定的参考意义和实用价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 Energy crisis has become an urgent problem for every country all over the world. Surface -water source heat pump (SWSHP) technology has been attracting more and more attention of every government. SWSHP is energy-efficient device for heating and cooling that use surface water as a heat source and sink. It offers many advantages over air-source heat pump (ASHP). Though the SWSHP system is an energy-conserving air conditioning and heating system, it is applicable only in some situation. In fact, some application technology of the SWSHP has not carried on deep research yet, and it has been blind to be used in our country recently, so the development of the SWSHP is still limited. In order to resolve these problems, we have done hereinafter pursuits.Taking a SWSHP project in Southern Yangtze University’s gymnasium as an example, the performance of SWSHP is investigated in this thesis. Based on the general situation of the project,according to project survey,climate characteristic,operation requirements and water source condition, the paper presents the SWSHP system design, including water system,device room and automatic control system, and states the critical technical points affecting the system. It analyzes the climate and water source characteristics of City Clusters in Shanghai-Nanjing-Hangzhou Area and the requirements to SWSHP. Summarized the advantages and disadvantages of SWSHP, gives some corresponding measures that can be taken, and points out that it is feasible to apply SWSHP in Chiangnan area.According to the theory of thermodynamics and mathematics, this paper analyzes the principle of energy efficiency, provides the mathematical expression about energy-efficiency ratio and water source. Then the technical characteristic of SWSHP is studied. Calculating results of example projects show that the SWSHP is superior to the traditional air conditioning system in the technical and economical respects. Surface-water source refrigeration operating mode is analyzed theoretically by means of enthalpy analysis and exergy analysis, Calculating out the performance coefficient, finishing degree of heating power, exergy efficiency of SWSHP unit and the exergy loss of condenser ,compressor, evaporator and expander, then offering the basis for improvement. In the part of optimize methods, the paper introduces mainly two kinds of measures. On the one hand, it introduces the method of the frequency conversion of water pump, the definition of the frequency conversion range to the water pump and energy-efficiency analysis. On the other hand, the thesis puts forward the new method function and regulation of the heat units because they have some questions when they are running at present. According to the energy consumption comparative analysis of two kinds of methods, the new method is proved feasible.It also presents various ways of water system in SWSHP systems under different water an environment temperatures, The layouts include supplying water to the WSHP unit directly, blending the supply and back water, using plate heat exchanger, utilizing electric heater or cooling tower to ensure water temperature, gives some advices on corresponding measures that can be taken in different circumstances, in order to guider WSHP rightly used in more situations.The works performed and the results got in this paper are of direct interests to promote the technologic developments of SWSHP.更多还原