从传统到现代

【作者】 刘亚丹；

【导师】 佘果辉；

【作者基本信息】 中南大学 ， 建筑设计及其理论， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 陵园,是逝者安息的家园。早在1909年就已经有了中国人自己建设和管理的现代陵园,但由于当时的社会环境与经济状况,建设的大众陵园还很少,从陵园形象上看也偏向于西方陵园的风格。随着我国改革开放的推进,人们越来越认识到民族传统的重要性。在大众陵园亟待推广的今天,现代陵园还应当肩负起复兴民族传统的一份责任,那就是在取其精华,去其糟粕的基础上,延续中华民族数千年的殡葬文化中的优秀传统,并吸取国际经验,在全球化的今天,更好的适应社会发展,同时保持灿烂的民族文化。本文通过研究儒家思想、道家思想、佛教思想以及堪舆文化对中国传统陵园的影响,系统地分析了中国传统陵园。然后又对西方陵园建设思想以及近现代中国殡葬改革进行了系统分析,在此基础上对当代陵园建设提供依据。在研究了传统文化及近代发展之后,本文提出陵园的设计应重点体现场所精神,应从环境氛围入手,对仪式空间精心安排,通过自然元素使人对生命哲理进行思考。建筑以及构筑物设计应重点营造陵园意象,从道路、边沿、区域、节点、标识入手,进行细部设计。最后,本文以实例对研究进行了佐证。现代陵园需要在总结传统的基础上,结合当代陵园的新发展,体现现代功能。现代陵园不仅是逝者安息的家园,也已成为传承中国传统文化的场所,成为了生命意义的教育场所。宁静悠远的陵园场所感,庄重肃穆的陵园意象,生态景观公园式的新陵园已然走进人们的视线,必将促进人们的传统生死观念发生改变,并催生出新时代的殡葬文化,创造出一个更和谐的美好社会。希望本文的研究能够对当代公众陵园的设计有所裨益。更多还原

【Abstract】 The cemetery is a homeland which the deceased rests. As early as already had Chinese in 1909 to construct and the management modern cemetery, but because the social environment and the financial circumstance then, the construction populace cemetery very were also few, from the cemetery image looked also was partial in the Western cemetery style.Along with our country reform and open policy advancement, the people more and more realize to the national tradition importance. Urgently awaits today in the populace cemetery which promotes, the modern cemetery also to have to shoulder returns to office after the period of mourning is popular the national tradition a responsibility, that is in takes its essence, goes to its dregs in the foundation, continues the Chinese nation number millennium in the funeral and burial culture outstanding tradition, and absorbs the international experience, in globalization today, the better adaptation social development, simultaneously maintains the bright national culture.This article through studies the Confucianism thought, the Taoism thought, the Buddhism thought as well as the geomancy culture to the Chinese tradition cemetery influence, has analyzed the Chinese tradition cemetery systematically. Then has carried on the system analysis to the Western cemetery construction thought as well as the near modern China funeral and burial reform, provides the basis in this foundation to the contemporary cemetery construction.After has studied the traditional culture and the modern development, this article proposed the cemetery design should key manifest the place spirit, should from environment atmosphere obtaining, to the ceremony space careful arrangement, cause the human through the natural element to carry on the ponder to the life philosophy. The construction as well as the construction design should the key building cemetery image, from the path, the border, the region, the node, marking obtaining, carry on the detailing. Finally, this article to study by the example has carried on the evidence. The modern cemetery needs in the summary tradition foundation, the union present age cemetery recent development, to manifest the modern function. Not only the modern cemetery is a homeland which the deceased rests, also has become inherits the China traditional culture the place, has become the life significance education place. The tranquil distant cemetery place feeling, the grave solemn and respectful cemetery image, the ecology landscape park -like new cemetery already entered people’s eyeshot, will certainly to promote people’s traditional life and death idea to have the change, and expedited childbirth the new time the funeral and burial culture, created a more harmonious happy society. Hoped this article the research can have a benefit to the contemporary public cemetery design.更多还原