【作者】 陈刚；

【导师】 王国军；

【作者基本信息】 中南大学 ， 计算机应用技术， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 无线传感器网络是近年来世界各国科学研究的热点之一,作为二十一世纪十大新兴技术之一,它将对人类生活的许多方面产生深远的影响。然而,目前无线传感器网络在安全方面面临着巨大的挑战。在基本的随机密钥预分配方案中,网络中节点都是以一定的概率共享密钥,不能确保邻居节点之间都可以共享至少一个密钥,从而网络中会存在一些与邻居节点没有安全链路的安全孤立节点。基于国内外有关无线传感器网络随机密钥预分配方案的研究,主要针对随机密钥预分配方案中存在一些安全孤立节点以及安全和连通性的矛盾问题,本文提出了一种新的密钥管理方案——基于安全连通性检测的随机密钥预分配方案。本文提出,在网络的初始化阶段和运行过程中,通过定期地对网络进行安全连通性检测来发现那些安全孤立节点,进而调整它们的通信半径,以获得更多的邻居数目,然后在这些邻居中找到一条可能的安全路径,使安全孤立节点可以重新加入到网络中,从而提高整个网络的安全连通性。另外,还可以考虑充分利用这些节点,让它们转发其它节点的加密数据,从而提高整个网络中节点的利用率。通过模拟分析,本方案在保证无线传感器网络较高连通性的同时,使网络也获得较高的安全性。本文提出的方案可以应用于网络节点密度不高,并且地理环境复杂的场景,例如环境监测、森林防火、火山监测等。此外,本方案将来可以同其它的密钥管理协议相结合,应用于不同的网络环境。更多还原

【Abstract】 Recently, Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) have become one of the hottest research areas in the world, and have been regarded as one of the ten emerging technologies in the future, it will influence our lives dramatically. However, WSNs are confronted with enormous challenges in security. In basic random key pre-distribution scheme, all of the sensor nodes share keys with their neighboring nodes by a certain probability, and it is uncertain that there are at least one shared key between two neighboring nodes, as a result, WSNs may have some isolated nodes in security that can not share any key with their neighboring nodes.Based on the random key pre-distribution scheme research for WSNs security at home and abroad, mainly aiming at contradiction between security and connectivity in random key pre-distribution scheme, this thesis presents a novel key management scheme that is based on secure connectivity detection random key pre-distribution scheme. During the stages of network initialization and network operation, to find out isolated nodes in security by detecting secure connectivity periodically, then to adjust their communication radius to get more neighboring nodes, and find out one secure path probably, and make these nodes add into the network again, as a result, it can improve the whole network’s secure connectivity. Furthermore, we also consider using these nodes to let them forward other nodes’ encrypted data in order to increase utilization rate of node in the network. By simulation studies, this scheme ensures higher connectivity of network. At the same time, it improves the network security.The proposed scheme can be applied in scenarios where the density of nodes is not high and geographical environment is complicated, such as environment monitoring, forest fire prevention, volcano monitoring and so on. Moreover, this scheme will combine with other key management protocols that may be applied in different network environments.更多还原