《李尔王》善治理想阐释

【作者】 冯燕；

【导师】 李建华；

【作者基本信息】 中南大学 ， 行政管理， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 《李尔王》包含丰富的哲学思想,特别是行政哲学思想。《李尔王》的行政哲学思想既全面又独特。它明显包含善治九个特征中的至少五个:参与、法治、透明、一致性导向和平等。《李尔王》中,不同的人物对参与持不同态度,得到不同的结果;而作品否定和批判放弃参与和排斥参与,肯定寻求参与和争取参与。《李尔王》用生动的与符合逻辑的剧情说明只有具备法的架构、架构公正、法的实施不偏不倚三个要素,人民才能安定,社会才会稳定;从某种程度上说,《李尔王》全剧是一个法制案例的戏剧化程式。善治透明,一切不透明的决策都等同于黑箱操作:黑箱操作盲民众之目,最终也必然盲治理者之目,社会及社会政治的格局必然是“疯子带着瞎子走路”,而这种格局是一切进步社会着力防范与回避的。《李尔王》提倡一致性导向,各个利益集团的利益不协调,极有可能引起内讧及战争,带来巨大危害。《李尔王》凸显平等理念:《李尔王》中相当一部分人没有机会改善与保持起码的生存条件,而另一部分人却有“享用不了的福泽”;《李尔王》用换位体验的方式让最高统治者感受到这种差异,并由最高统治者发出平等的呼吁,意义十分深远。实际上,莎士比亚的善治理想不可能不影响西方的政治思想家与政治实践家。在莎士比亚的善治理想与现代善治理论之间存在着必然的历史连贯性与持续性。更多还原

【Abstract】 King Lear embeds plentiful and brilliant philosophical ideas, especially administrative ones. At least five characteristics of good governance—participation, rule of law, transparency, consensus orientation and equity—present themselves in King Lear. The personae in King Lear hold different attitudes to participation, which leads to different results. King Lear takes a positive attitude to participation and a negative attitude to non-participation. A stable society requires that legal frameworks should be fair and enforced impartially, particularly the laws on human rights; King Lear, to a certain extent, is a dramatic representation of rule of law. Good governance is transparent, and decision-making in the darkroom blinds people and in turn blinds governors, which results in the plague of "madmen lead the blind", a situation to be avoided by any country. Failure of mediation of differing interests, according to King Lear, may be the reason for civil wars and wars between countries. The idea of equity is evident in King Lear: quite a large number of people do not have opportunities to improve or maintain their well being while some would not shake "the superflux"; the supreme governor in King Lear recognizes the differences by being made a poor man, and shouts out the calling for equity, the significance of which is far-reaching. In fact, the impact of Shakespeare’s ideas of good governance on Western political thinkers and practitioners is immense. There is historical coherence and continuity between Shakespeare’s ideas of good governance and the modern theory of good governance.更多还原