东盟四国反垄断法比较研究

【作者】 何敏；

【导师】 李国海；

【作者基本信息】 中南大学 ， 经济法学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 印尼、泰国两国于1999年分别颁布了名为《关于禁止垄断行为与不公平商业竞争法》和《商业竞争法》,越南、新加坡于2004年分别出台了名为《竞争法》和《新加坡2004年竞争法》的竞争法,由于这些国家之间存在地理、文化等方面的相近性,使得对这些国家的反垄断立法进行比较研究成为可能。在规制对象上,四个国家的反垄断法具有较高程度的相似性,主要包含了限制竞争协议、市场支配地位的滥用和经济力集中等三个方面,在此基础上,新加坡同时规定了适用除外制度和豁免制度,印尼和泰国规定了适用除外制度,而越南只规定了豁免制度;在主管机构设置上,这四个国家采取了两种不同的模式,即单一主管机构模式和平行式二元主管模式,其中,印尼、新加坡和泰国属于前种,越南属于后种;在上诉机构方面,也采取了两种不同的模式,一种是有法院参与的上诉机构设置模式,另一种是由行政机关承担上诉职能的上诉机构设置模式。印尼、新加坡、越南属于前者,而泰国则属于后者。制裁手段方面,行政制裁手段以罚款为中心,还有责令变更或停止限制竞争协议行为、企业拆分或责令处分财产或股份等。刑事制裁手段,除越南没有相关规定以外,各国普遍采取罚金加监禁的做法。民事制裁,各国都赋予受损害主体向有关机关提起损害赔偿诉讼的权利,且基本都采取单倍赔偿;在实施程序上,主要是对各国的案件发起程序、调查程序、决定成序和上诉程序进行阐述。经过比较得出的结论是,东盟四国均采取以行政程序为主的行政中心主义,主管机关在案件处理过程中居于主导地位。同时,东盟四国在反垄断法实施程序上较好地体现了公平正义和效率这两大反垄断法价值。东盟四国竞争法的立法和实践经验对于我国《反垄断法》的实施及以后的完善具有一定的借鉴意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 Indonesia and Thailand respectively published their competition laws which are named《Prohibition of Monopolistic Practice and Unfair Business Competition Law》and《Trade Competition Act》in 1999. Vietnam and Singapore respectively issued their competition laws which are named《The Competition Law》and《Competition Act 2004》in 2004. Because of the similarities in geography, culture and many other aspects among these countries, it is possible to do the comparative study of the anti-monopoly legislation of these countries. The four countries are very similar in prescribing the objects of anti-monopoly law, including the prohibited restrictive agreement, the abusing of dominant position on the market and the economic concentration. Basing on the content of the objects, Singapore stipulate the content of both exclusion and exemption, Indonesia and Thailand only have the regulations of exclusion, and Vietnam just stipulates the exemption. In the aspect of the administration installment, there are two patterns among the four countries. They are single administration installment and parallel dualistic administration installment. Indonesia, Singapore and Thailand belong to the former and Vietnam belongs to the latter. There are also two modes in the installment of appeal organization. One of them is court-including appeal organization installment; another is executive institutions which take the responsibility of appealing. Indonesia, Singapore and Vietnam belong to the former, Thailand belongs to the latter. In the aspect of the punishment, the administrative measures concentrate on amerce, moreover the order to vary or stop the restrictive agreement practice, the order to divide or split the merged or consolidated enterprises or the order to resale the acquired enterprise parts and so on. As to the criminal sanctions, except Vietnam has no relative regulation, the other three countries commonly take fine and imprison measures. As to the compensation, all of the four countries state the complaint rights to the victim, and they all recognize the single-multiple compensation. In the aspect of the enforcement procedure, it mainly expounds the launching, investigation, determination and appeal procedure. The comparative conclusion is all the four countries follow administration-central doctrine, and the administrations play a major part in the case-handling procedure. At the same time, the enforcement procedures of the four countries’ anti-monopoly laws greatly embody fair and efficiency which are the two values of anti-monopoly law. The experience of legislation and practice of the four countries’ competition law make great sense to the enforcement and improvement of our《The Anti-monopoly Law》.更多还原