【作者】 冯翠翠；

【导师】 李志；

【作者基本信息】 南京师范大学 ， 比较文学与世界文学， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 《百年孤独》是一部具有世界影响力的文学巨著,它掀起了中国文坛向拉美文坛学习的热潮,对新时期中国文学的发展产生了举足轻重的影响。西藏青年作家扎西达娃正是在这股学习拉美的热潮中,转入后期“雪域魔幻现实主义”创作阶段,开始创作魔幻小说的。扎西达娃的魔幻小说能够接受《百年孤独》的影响,主要得益于西藏与拉美的共通性——它们之间不但具有文化亲缘性、思维方式一致性、还拥有着同样神奇的地理环境,这种得天独厚的共通性的存在,使扎西达娃能够较为深刻和透彻地理解《百年孤独》,并受其影响、对其借鉴也较为自觉与自然。扎西达娃后期的魔幻小说具有受《百年孤独》影响的明显痕迹。首先,它们呈现出相似的主题:都表现出沉重的民族历史感和悲剧感,并以此为基础,一方面对孤独的民族特性进行深入挖掘;另一方面又积极探索民族未来,表现出对民族命运的深切关注。其次,扎西达娃后期的魔幻小说同样营造出了一个魔幻与现实交融的世界,就具体魔幻手法和魔幻细节描写而言,无论是鬼魂出没、离奇人物的设置、神话与传说,还是预言和预兆、荒诞描写和夸张变形,都清晰地留有《百年孤独》中同种手法的影子。再次,《百年孤独》独特的叙事策略是其取得世界性成功的关键之一,其中堪称经典的具体叙事策略——多重叙事时间的交错使用、环行时间观和环形结构成为扎西达娃后期魔幻小说创作的借鉴。得益于上述《百年孤独》的影响,扎西达娃形成了真切表现民族历史和现实的“雪域魔幻现实主义”。更多还原

【Abstract】 One Hundred Years of Solitude is an influential literary work which lifts the upsurge for Chinese literary world of learning from Latin literary world, putting a great influence to the development of Chinese literature of the new time. During the period of learning from Latin literature, the Tibetan young writer Zhaxi Dawa turned to writing period of "Snowy Fantasy Realism" and began to write fantasy novels. The reason why Zhaxi Dawa’s fantasy novels can accept the influence of One Hundred Years of Solitude is the intercommunity between Tibet and Latin America—cultural relativity, coherence as well as the miraculous sameness of geography. The wonderful intercommunity makes Zhaxi Dawa have a profound comprehension of this novel, the influence and learning from it therefore becomes natural.First, the late fantasy novels of Zhaxi Dawa present an obvious trace of the influence of One Hundred Years of Solitude. Based on this, his novels on one side dig deeper to the lonely national feature and actively explores the future of the nation; on the other, showing his great attention to the fate of the nation. Second, the late fantasy novels of Zhaxi Dawa creates a world made of fantasy and reality. In terms of concrete fantasy techniques and fantasy details description, techniques used in One Hundred Years of Solitude are obviously shown in his novels no matter the appearance and disappearance of devils, setting of odd people, fairies and sagas or prophecy, ridiculous description and hyping misshape. Third, the unique narration strategy of One Hundred Years of Solitude is one of the key factors of becoming world-famous novel. The classic concrete narration strategy—original and transformed shape of interleaving use of multi-narration time, round time perspective and round structure can all be found in the late fantasy novels of Zhaxi Dawa. Profiting from the effect of One Hundred Years of Solitude, Zhaxi Dawa forms "Snowy Fantasy Realism" from which he can truly represent the history and relity of his nation’s.更多还原