【作者】 王艳平；

【导师】 吴志华；

【作者基本信息】 华东师范大学 ， 政治学理论， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 随着社会的发展进步,国家对社会的管理任务和目标必然要转变。社会结构要随之变化,因此社会中各组织机构的职能也发生着变化。我国很长一段时间内,表现为“国家”和“市场”两类社会结构在发挥主要作用。特别是计划经济年代,国家对社会资源和社会力量进行了高度管制。社会力量几乎得不到发育,更不提发展。自我国社会主义市场经济体制建立以来,政府职能发生了显著的变化:从原来的“全能政府”转变为“有限政府”,政府让渡了大量的执行性以及事务性的职能,为社会新的阶层、力量和各种组织的复兴和发育发展提供了广阔的生存空间。在此过程中,各类民间组织得到了迅猛发展。我国形成了“国家”、“市场”和“社会”的社会结构格局。民间组织的发展对社会管理方式等方面都产生了一定的影响。民间组织数量的剧增,发挥作用的重要,使得人们开始关注并研究之。上海民间组织在近年来得到了迅猛的发展,在社会发展过程中发挥了非常积极的作用,但同时也暴露了一定的问题。本文正是以上海为研究对象,从历史和现状的角度出发,在回顾了现阶段上海市民间组织发展进程后,利用调查得来的大量数据,分析上海民间组织的发展现状,进而对上海民间组织发展过程中存在的问题进行剖析,并提出一些完善建议,以期在培育和促进民间组织健康发展方面提供些许借鉴。论文主体由四部分组成。第一章绪论部分,主要探讨研究对象—民间组织的定义及相关概念、本文的研究背景和研究意义,综合概述了国内外对于民间组织的研究现状和研究成果,最后是本文的研究方法和框架结构的交代。第二章主要研究现阶段上海市民间组织发展状况。以改革开放为分水岭,对前后上海民间组织的发展状况进行细致的描述。通过大量的数据和例证来总结出上海市民间组织发展的特征以及现阶段其在实践中所发挥的作用。第三章是在充分研究上海民间组织发展状况的条件下,梳理现阶段上海市民间组织在发展中存在的问题及产生这些问题的原因。最后,第四章是在分析清楚现阶段上海市民间组织发展中现存问题的原因的基础上,从几个方面提出促进上海市民间组织成熟发展的政策建议。更多还原

【Abstract】 Along with the society’s progress its structures and the type of its body-organizations changed. And this directly results in changes in functions of the organizations in the society. During a long period, it is the "state"and the "market" that play the dominant role in our country when the NGOs can hardly come birth,not to mention their development. After the policy of reform and opening out, commercial economy took place and later the society witnesses great achievements in kinds of fields, specially the systems reform in economy and politics. Our government is transformed from "the total government" to "the limited government". A stream of transformations in our economy and political system bring forth a multiple of new "Non-Government-Organization" (NGO), also NPO or some other names for them. From then on, the main factors in the society are the "state" (mainly refers to the government), the "market" (mainly refers to the entrepreneurs) and the "society" (mainly refers to the organizations in the society). The government makes important influences on these NGOs and the contrary side is also true.Just as the NGOs become more and more important, people pay more and more attentions to them. Researches on the NGOs are very popular now. These years NGOs in Shanghai get a big increase; meanwhile there are inevitably a lot of problems. These problems exist just because that we our country is being the reforming period when the NGOs are not mature not only in the terms of operational mechanism but also the management skills. There is still much space for the NGOs to be mature and consummation. This paper takes the NGOs in the modern Shanghai as the research object and embarks from historical and the present situation angle, then to what extent the NGOs in Shanghai have developed is analyzed on the base of some statistical dates. The author focuses on the analysis of the problems in the research and provides some solution to them to improve the NGOs in Shanghai.This paper mainly consists of four parts. The first chapter is the introduction part, involving studies on some fundamental conceptions and the related one, studies on the research background and its significance, and then the research status and achievements at home and abroad are concluded here, the outline of this paper is told here too. The second chapter lists the present situation of the NGOs in Shanghai. The present development situation can tell us some characteristics of the NGOs and the roles they are playing in the process of the modernized international metropolis construction. The third chapter mainly discusses the existed problems or faults of the NGOs and finds out the reasons for them. The reasons include the NGOs their own problems such as the insufficient sustainable development ability and the imperfect self-management, the weak independence and so on. Some environment factors can not be ignored when it comes to these problems; they are insufficient laws and regulations support, some concerned surveillance as well. In the end, the countermeasures are proposed.更多还原