【作者】 樊逢春；

【导师】 陆镇养；

【作者基本信息】 广西民族大学 ， 诉讼法学， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 刑事审前程序是刑事诉讼的重要组成部分,同时也是公权力最容易侵犯私权利的阶段。完善的刑事审前程序,必定会为整个刑事诉讼程序的顺利进行做好充分的准备,并对审前程序中侦查机关、检察机关的侦控行为起到有效的监督和制约作用,对侦控人员违法行为的发生起到预防作用,更对犯罪嫌疑人、被告人及被害人的合法权益起到保障作用。目前,在我国的刑事审前程序中,只有追诉方与辩护方参与审前的诉讼活动,而没有中立的裁判者介入审前的诉讼活动,因此,针对犯罪嫌疑人、被告人采取的措施或作出的决定一般是由侦查机关、检察机关自行决定的,而侦查机关、检察机关是代表国家行使追诉犯罪的机关,往往带有强烈的惩罚犯罪的思想,由侦查机关、检察机关自行作出决定就与“任何人或组织不能做自己案件的法官”的自然法则相违背,这也使得我国的刑事审前程序极不完善,导致审前程序存在诸多问题。基于诉讼构造、控审分离、分权制衡及人权保障的角度考虑,我国理应建立刑事审前程序裁判权制度,确立法院对刑事审前程序中追诉机关与公民之间发生的一些实体性事项或程序性事项进行裁判的做法。本文从刑事审前程序裁判权的含义和特征入手,探讨刑事审前程序裁判权的含义、特征、主体及客体等基本理论,分析刑事审前程序裁判权存在的理论基础,结合对国外刑事审前程序裁判权的考察,分析这一制度在我国的立法、司法现状及其原因,最后提出我国构建刑事审前程序裁判权的具体设想。更多还原

【Abstract】 The criminal pre-procedure is the important part in the criminal procedure, it’s also the stage that the civic right infringes upon the private right most easily. A perfect criminal pre-procedure, shall be working a full preparation for the whole criminal procedure, having effective supervision and regulation function on the investigate organs’ investigate action and procurator organs’ procurator action in the criminal pre-procedure, having prevention function to control the investigators and procurators’ illegally behavioral occurrence, having guarantee function towards the criminal suspect, the defendant and the victim legal rights more. Currently, in the criminal pre-procedure in our country, only have the prosecution parts and the defense parts to participate the pre-procedure litigation activity, and the judge did not intervene the pre-procedure litigation activity, therefore, against the criminal suspects and defendants, the incidental civil actions taken or decisions are generally made by the investigative organs or procuratorial organs themselves, but the investigate organs and the procurator organs are the authorities who represent the state to exercise prosecution criminal, often with a strong punishment for a crime of thinking, so, if the investigative organs, the procuratorial organs make a decision by themselves , will contrary to the natural law which " Anyone or organization could not do his own case of the judge ", and also make our country’s criminal pre-procedure very imperfect, and there are many problems in the criminal pre-procedure. Based on the criminal procedure structure, separate the complaint and trial, decentralize and balance the power, and security the human rights angle consider, our country should establish the judge power of criminal pre-procedure system, establish the People’s Courts to judge a number of entities matters or procedural matters between the prosecution authorities and citizens in the criminal pre-procedure. In this paper, starting with the meaning and characteristics of the judge power of criminal pre-procedure , discussion with the basic theory of the judge power of criminal pre-procedure meanning, characteristics, subject and object, analyze the existense of the theoretical foundation of the judge power criminal pre-procedure, combine with the foreign criminal pre-procedure inspection, analyze the system in our country’s legislative, judicial, and the reasons, and finally, proposed the specific ideas to construction our country’s judge power of the criminal pre-procedure .更多还原