视觉文化下的儿童绘画表现及研究

【作者】 刘艳；

【导师】 胡知凡；

【作者基本信息】 上海师范大学 ， 课程与教学论， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 视觉文化时代,电视机、计算机互联网、数码相机、数码音响等各种现代媒体的普及,在给人们带来欢乐的同时,也将各种文化的价值观一并传递给了人们。目前大量的社会调查报告显示,现代媒体所传播的各类图像不仅影响着成人,也影响着儿童,使儿童从小就生活在各种图像的社会环境之中。由于绘画与视知觉发展密切相关,因此,我们能够通过儿童的绘画作品来了解社会文化对儿童的影响。基于上述目的,我展开了两部分的研究。第一部分,调查、研究儿童对各类图像的读解。主要以一所幼儿园小班、中班、大班共9名儿童为调查对象,选取生活中常见的图像让他们读解。本调查围绕图像对儿童的认知能力发展,即学前儿童是如何读解图像的影响进行调查研究,理解其对图像的认知发展过程,以及图像对其的影响。第二部分,调查图像对儿童绘画表现的影响及如何在画面上表现的。1、研究对象为小班至大班三个年龄段的儿童。通过儿童的绘画作品,来了解儿童绘画作品中与媒体传播的图像有关的内容。2、以3名4～6岁的儿童绘画作品作为个案研究,对他们的个性、家庭背景等进行综合分析。3、利用不同年代的绘画作品进行比较,旨在了解不同时代背景下儿童绘画表现内容的差别,及社会文化在其中的作用。通过调查得出以下几点结论:在儿童认知发展方面,来自外部环境因素如广告、电视、网络等多媒体极大地触发了儿童视知觉认知的新变化。不论是生活经验还是视觉经验,儿童的认知能力和视觉发展能力,随着不断地与现代媒体的接触而增强。在社会文化方面,儿童通过电视等媒体进行社会的学习,加快了他们的社会体验。另一方面,电视节目和广告中的消费意识和成人的价值观不断地影响着儿童;那些包含暴力内容的电视节目让喜欢模仿的儿童更倾向于暴力行为;广告中的消费意识让儿童相信通过消费能得到他们想要的东西,较早地形成消费欲望。因此,图像的影响既会产生积极的作用,也产生消极的作用,它既能促进儿童认知能力的成长和社会化的学习,反过来某些内容不良的电视媒体对儿童的价值观和行为习惯形成造成恶劣影响。因而图像作为儿童了解社会的窗口表现出来的多重作用及背后折射出来的社会文化意识已成为影响儿童身心发展不可忽视的因素。更多还原

【Abstract】 In the visual culture, the popularization of modem media ,such as television, Internet, digital camera, digital sound transmitted different cultural values to people while brings them happy. At present the massive social investigations indicate that every kind of image disseminated by the modem media not only affect the adult but also affect the child, which causes the child live in social environment full of image since childhood, therefore, we can understand the influence of social culture on children through child’s drawing work for the reason of drawing closely relating with development of visual perception.Based on the purpose, I have launched two parts of the research. The first part is the investigation on children’s reading each kind of image. Choose common images in life and let the investigation objects including 9 children in all from primary class and the middle class and the high class read them. This investigation is about influence of image on children’s development of cognition, in another word, how pre-school children read image and to understand developing process of cognition on image, as well as influence of images......The second part is about influence of image on representation of drawing and how it displayon the picture. 1. Choose the investigation objects including primary class and the middle class and the high class. Through child’s drawing work, To understand something related image from media dissemination in children’s drawing work.2. Take 3 4~6 year-old children’s drawing work as case research and to analysis their individuality, the family background and so on as a whole. 3. Compare the drawing work in different age for the purpose of understanding difference in children’s drawing representation under different age and function imposed by society and culture. Several conclusion as follows: In the aspect of children’s cognitive development, the external environment factors like multimedia including advertisement, the television, the network impel change on children’s visual cognition. No matter is the experience of life or the visual experience, children’s cognitive ability and visual ability will be strengthened progressively by contacting with modern media. In the society and culture aspect, children learn society through media and speed up their social experience. On the other hand, expense consciousness and adult’s values in the television program and advertisement affect the children; These television programs containing violence contents let the children who like imitate more rough; Expense consciousness in advertisement lets the children believe they can obtain what they want by consuming and form the desire for expense so early.Therefore, the influence of image can not only has the positive function, also has the negative function and it can promote the children’s cognitive ability growth and socialized study and in turn not good contents in the television media have the bad influence on formation of children’s values and behave. Thus, the image as the window where children learn society displays the multiple actions and reflects consciousness of society and culture has become a noticeable factor in affecting the children’s physical and psychological development.更多还原