【作者】 周芸；

【导师】 徐满才；

【作者基本信息】 湖南师范大学 ， 有机化学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 应用大孔吸附树脂进行吸附分离是20世纪60年代末发展起来的继离子交换树脂后的一项新的吸附分离技术。吸附树脂的吸附性能主要是由树脂的孔结构、表面物理化学性质和被吸附物的性质所决定的。对普通的大孔吸附树脂进行功能基化是拓展吸附树脂应用范围的一种行之有效的方法。通常将普通的吸附树脂的骨架进行化学修饰,改变树脂的表面性质,从而改善树脂对化合物的吸附性能。对树脂进行功能基化,树脂在保持本身优良性能的同时,可以实现对某些特定物质的吸附。本论文以氯甲基聚苯乙烯为基础,成功地合成了两种含有酰胺基功能化的聚苯乙烯树脂,并对其吸附性能进行了研究。1.以氯甲基聚苯乙烯树脂为原料,在碱性条件下分别与ε-已内酰胺和尿素反应,合成了大孔交联聚(N-对乙烯基苄基已内酰胺)树脂和聚(N-对乙烯基苄基脲)树脂,通过对树脂残余氯含量、BET比表面积及红外光谱图的测定,对得到的树脂的结构进行了表征。各种结构参数表明,氯甲基聚苯乙烯树脂实现了较好的功能基化。2.研究了大孔交联聚(N-对乙烯基苄基已内酰胺)树脂和聚(N-对乙烯基苄基脲)树脂对水及正庚烷溶液中苯酚的吸附性能。通过与氯甲基聚苯乙烯树脂比较,发现大孔交联聚(N-对乙烯基苄基己内酰胺)树脂和聚(N-对乙烯基苄基脲)树脂对水及正庚烷溶液中苯酚的吸附性能大大改善。推测大孔交联聚(N-对乙烯基苄基己内酰胺)树脂和聚(N-对乙烯基苄基脲)树脂对水中苯酚的吸附作用是氢键、疏水作用及π-π作用的协同;对正庚烷溶液中苯酚的吸附主要是基于氢键作用。3.研究了大孔交联聚(N-对乙烯基苄基已内酰胺)树脂和聚(N-对乙烯基苄基脲)树脂对水溶液中茶多酚、鞣酸的吸附性能。通过与氯甲基聚苯乙烯树脂比较,发现在相同平衡浓度下,大孔交联聚(N-对乙烯基苄基已内酰胺)树脂和聚(N-对乙烯基苄基脲)树脂对茶多酚、鞣酸都具有更优良的吸附。说明功能基化技术可大大提高聚合物吸附剂的吸附量。更多还原

【Abstract】 Adsorption and separation using polymeric adsorbents,is a new technology developed in the late 1960s after the occurance of ion-exchange resins.The adsorption properties of polymeric adsorbents are mainly determined by the pore structure,surface characteristics of the adsorbents and the property of adsorbents.To obtain larger adsorption capacity and higher selectivity for a specific organic compound,chemical modification of the ordinary macroporous crosslinked polymeric adsorbents is frequently adopted by introducing some special functional groups into the matrix of the adsorbents. These introduced functional groups will modify the chemical composition of the adsorbents’ surface and hence improve their adsorption behaviors for organic compounds.In the study,two amide group functionlization polymeric adsorbents,poly（N-methyl-N-p-vinylbenzy-ε-caprolactam）（PStCH₂-ε-CLt） and poly（N-methyl-N-p-vinylbenzyurea）（PStCH₂-Ur）were synthesized from macroporous crosslinked chloromethylated polystyrene（PStCH₂Cl）,and their adsorption properties for phenol,tea polyphenols and tannic acid were investigated.1.Poly（N-methyl-N-p-vinylbenzy-ε-caprolactam）（PStCH₂-ε-CLt）and poly（N-methyl-N-p-vinylbenzyurea）（PStCH₂-Ur）were obtained from the chemical modification of PStCH₂Cl withε-caprolactam and urea in the presence of base.The molecular structures of these two adsorbents were evaluated through analysis of the residual chlorine content,BET specific surface area,and FT-IR spectrum.All the experimental results indicated that PStCH₂Cl had been functionalized successfully.2.Adsorption behaviors of phenol on PStCH₂-ε-CLt and PStCH₂-Ur were tested both in aqueous solution and heptane.Through comparing the adsorption capacities of phenol on PStCH₂Cl with that on PStCH₂-ε-CLt and PStCH₂-Ur, it was found that the adsorption capacities of phenol on PStCH₂-ε-CLt and PStCH₂-Ur were greatly improved.Further research on the adsorption mechanism indicated that hydrogen bonding,hydrophobic interaction,andπ-πstaking were the main driving forces for the adsorption of phenol onto these two modified adsorbents in aqueous solution,while the adsorption in heptane was primarily due to hydrogen bonding.3.Adsorption properties of tea polyphenols（TP）and tannic acid（TA）onto PStCH₂-ε-CLt and PStCH₂-Ur were also studied in aqueous solution.By comparing the adsorption capacity of TP and TA onto PStCH₂Cl with PStCH₂-ε-CLt and PStCH₂-Ur at the same equilibrium concentration and temperature,it was shown that the adsorption TP and TA onto these two synthesized adsorbents were enhanced with respect to that of PStCH₂Cl.This comes to a conclusion that the adsorption capacity of polymeric adsorbents can be enhanced using functionlization technology.更多还原