【作者】 王海宁；

【导师】 李立辉；

【作者基本信息】 湖南师范大学 ， 人口、资源与环境经济学， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 自从20世纪中叶以来,出现了世界性的资源枯竭、世界性能源危机和世界性生态环境恶化等一系列问题。人类开始关注地球生态系统平衡和资源合理利用,可持续发展因此逐渐成为全球发展追求的目标和诊断区域开发及其是否健康运行的标准。在众多的评价标准之中,由加拿大生态经济学家William Rees等在1992年提出并由其博士生Wackernagel完善的生态足迹分析法以其较为完善的理论、形象明了的概念框架、精简统一的指标体系以及方法本身的普遍适应性脱颖而出并得到广泛的应用。本文详细介绍了生态足迹的概念和计算方法,在国外众多学者研究的基础之上,改进了基于单个地区和地区间投入产出模型的生态足迹的计算方法,使其能更准确、更详细的计算各部门为满足各种最终需求所占用各种生态生产性土地面积,并改进了当前对某一地区的贸易调整方法,使其更适合于衡量某一地区的可持续发展程度。在实际应用中,可将基于投入产出模型的生态足迹模型与可计算的一般均衡模型相结合,对政府部门制定的相关政策进行评价,预测这一政策的实施是否达到了预期的目的,并做出相应修改。本文对湖南省2002年与2005年的生态足迹进行了测算。结果显示湖南省的发展模式由2002年的可持续发展状态转变为2005年的不可持续发展状态,当前湖南省的发展是通过消耗自然资本存量来弥补生态承载力的不足。通过对各产业部门2002年与2005年的人均生态足迹和万元GDP生态足迹的对比,以及对2005年各部门的生态足迹进行结构路径分析,分析造成这种情况的原因。并提出政府部门在制定旨在实现可持续发展的政策和规划时,要考虑三大部门的联系,推动三次产业的持续发展。更多还原

【Abstract】 Since the middle of the 20th century, there has been a series of problems, such as global resource depletion, global energy crisis and the worldwide deterioration of the ecological environment. Human beings began to pay attention to the balance of the earth’ s ecosystem and rational utilization of resources. Sustainable development therefore has emerged as the goal of the global development and the standard which judges the development whether healthy or not. Among the several evaluation standards, the ecological footprint, which was proposed by Canadian ecological economist William Rees in 1992 and perfected by his student Wackernagel, comes to the fore and be widely used because of its sound analysis with better theory, image understanding of the conceptual framework, the simplification and harmonization of the index system and the method itself universal adaptability.This paper introduces the concept of the ecological footprint calculation method. on the basis of many foreign scholars’ research, the author improved the calculation method of the ecological footprint which based on the signal region and inter-region input-output model and makes it more accurate, more detailed calculate the various ecological productive lands occupied by various departments to meet the final demand, and improves the current adjustment method of a regional trade in order to make it more suitable for measuring the sustainable development degree of a particular area. In practical application, we could combine the ecological footprint model which bases on input-output model and the computable general equilibrium model to evaluate relevant policy made by the government departments, and forecast the implementation of the policy whether achieving the desired results or not and make consequential amendments.This paper calculates Hunan Province’ s ecological footprint in 2002 and 2005. The result shows that the mode of development in Hunan Province changed from the sustainable in 2002 to the unsustainable in 2005. Hunan’ s current development is achieved by consuming the natural capital stock to make up for the ecological carrying capacity deficiencies. Through the contrast of the industrial sectors’ per capita ecological footprint and ecological footprint per 10, 000 Yuan in 2002 and 2005, as well as the structural path analysis of various departments’ ecological footprint in 2005, we canalize the reasons caused this situation. And when the government is making the policies and planning aimed at achieving sustainable development, it need take into account the relationship of the three industrial sectors and promote the sustainable development of three industries.更多还原