【作者】 王毅；

【导师】 吴家庆；

【作者基本信息】 湖南师范大学 ， 政治学理论， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 精英民主论是运用精英理论考察和分析资产阶级民主政治问题而得出的西方民主理论,其理论基础是精英主义。精英主义又称精英理论,是西方政治思想史上的一种理解政治和历史的理论和研究方法。精英主义从英雄史观出发,试图通过对社会统治者和杰出人物的研究,说明社会的性质、发展与统治者的关系。精英民主理论是以精英主义为基础发展起来的民主理论,具有很强烈的阶级性和政治性,其产生和发展始终围绕为稳定资产阶级统治地位和完善资本主义政治秩序服务的主题。关于这一点,熊彼特是这样明确地表述的:“我们的竞争领导权意义上的民主主义,主持了给资产阶级新面貌的政治和法制的变革过程,并且按照它自己的观点合理化了嗣后占优势的社会和政治结构:民主方法是这种社会重建的政治工具。”精英民主价值观来源于资本主义民主政治发展面临的挑战。资本主义国家政治生活中存在的民主价值与民主事实的紧张状态。资产阶级以人民主权理论为旗帜,向封建专制势力夺取了国家的统治权,建立了资产阶级民主政治。但是,资产阶级民主政治实践却没有实现人民主权的原则,民主社会的多数人并不能像其意识形态所标榜的那样选择政府,而实际上仍然只是有组织的少数人在自我挑选。资产阶级民主政治的弊端严重危及社会的统一和稳定,危及资产阶级统治的合法性。民主政治的价值和事实的紧张状态,促使精英理论家们孜孜不倦地探索把资产阶级革命的民主理论转化为保证资本主义社会稳定发展的民主理论的途径。更多还原

【Abstract】 The theory of Democratic elitism discusses the western democratic theory which obtains using the Democratic elitism theory inspection and the analysis bourgeois democracy political issue. The elitism is a kind of theories and the research method that comprehends politics and history of the western and political history of thought.The democracy theories that the elite democracy theories takes elitism as the foundation development to get up, which have the very strong rank and politics. Its creation and development always around is the stable propertied class rule the position and perfect capitalism the political order serve of topic.The elite value of democracy view comes from the challenge that the capitalism democracy development face. In the capitalism national political life the existent value of democracy and the democracy factual nervous appearance. Propertied class with people the sovereignty theories for flag. Seized the governance power of the nations toward the feudalism absolutist influence. Build up propertied class democracy. But The propertied class democracy fulfillment but didn’ t principle that carry out people’ s sovereignty, The majority of the democratic society can’t be like it to realize what appearance glorify also then the choice government, A handful of men still just had organization actually is choosing by one’ s own. The irregularity of the propertied class democracy endangers a society seriously of unify with stability, Endanger the legitimacy of the propertied class governance. The worth and factual nervous appearance of the democracy, The democracy theories that urges the elite theoreticians perseveringly quest the propertied class revolution converts in to promise a social stability development of capitalism of the path of the democracy theories.更多还原