【作者】 乌日娜；

【导师】 戚春华；

【作者基本信息】 内蒙古农业大学 ， 森林工程， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 随着我国公路等级的不断提高和汽车工业的迅猛发展,在考虑行车安全性的同时,行车舒适性已越来越受到人们的关注。传统的公路线形设计主要是以汽车行驶理论为依据,只考虑了汽车的爬坡性、制动性和操纵稳定性等要求,很少考虑道路使用者的感受。而公路的使用者是驾驶车辆的人,公路线形设计的好坏会对驾驶员产生直接影响,进而影响到汽车行驶的安全性和舒适性。因此,从驾驶员的心理与生理反应角度去考虑道路线形的设计,对于减轻驾驶员心理负担,减少交通事故的发生,提高公路服务性能至关重要。本文以林区公路为研究对象,以大量行车实验数据为基础,通过对驾驶员行车紧张性和心率变化关系的分析,确定选用心率增长率作为研究林区驾驶员心理和生理反应的指标。通过偏相关分析,建立林区驾驶员心率回归模型,分析不同情况下驾驶员心理紧张性与坡度、坡长以及行驶速度的关系。通过验证说明,这些模型能够反映林区驾驶员在不同状况下实际行驶过程中的心率变化情况。初步实验表明,驾驶员在下坡行驶时要比上坡时紧张,且驾驶员重载行车时的心理负担大于空载时,心理更加紧张。通过偏相关分析发现,驾驶员在空载直线上坡和下坡时,纵坡坡度和行驶速度会对驾驶员的心率变化产生影响,并且坡度对心率的影响大于速度。坡度越大,速度越快,驾驶员心理会越紧张,越容易发生交通事故。此外,驾驶员上坡行驶时还会受到纵坡坡长的影响,但影响程度要比坡度和行驶速度小。另外,驾驶员重载上坡和重载下坡时,只有坡度和速度对驾驶员的心理产生影响。坡度越大、行驶速度越快,驾驶员越紧张,心理负荷越大。与空载行车不同的是,速度对心率变化的影响程度要比纵坡坡度大。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the constant improvement of our highway grade and the rapid development of automobile industry, considering driving safety , people have paid more and more attention to driving comfort. The traditional highway alignment design takes vehicle driving theory as a basis, it only considers the slope climbing capability, braking performance and handling stability of cars, does not take account for users’perceptions. The user of a road is the people driving; the quality of highway alignment design can directly affect drivers, and then influence the driving safety and comfort. Therefore, it is very important to consider the highway line design from the driver’s psychological and physiological reaction in order to relieving the driving fatigue, reducing the traffic accidents and improving the using quality of road.This paper takes forest road as the study object, and takes a large quantity of experimental data as basis, it makes change rate of heart rate as the index of the study on driver’s physiological and psychological reflection in forest region by analyzing the relationship between driving tensity and the change of heart rate. It sets up heart rate regression models based on partial correlation analysis, and analyzes the relationship between driver’s psychological tensity and slope grade, slope length, driving speed under different conditions. The verification showed that these models could reflect the actual situations of driver’s heart rate change in forest region.The initial experiment showed that the driver who was driving downslope was tenser than driving upslope, and the psychological burden of which was driving under heavy load is bigger than driving under no load.It was found by partial correlation analysis that both slope grade and driving speed will affect the change of heart rate when the driver was driving upslope and downslope, and the slopegrade has more influence on heart rate than driving speed. The steeper a slope is ,and the faster a speed is, the tenser a driver become, the easilier a traffic accident happen. In addition, the slope length will affect driver’s heart rate when he was driving upslope, but it has less influence than slopegrade and driving speed. Furthermore, only slopegrade and driving speed affect driver’s psychology when the driver was driving upslope and downslope under heavy load. The steeper a slope is ,and the faster a speed is, the tenser a driver become, the bigger a driver’s driving fatigue is. Different from driving under no load, the driving speed has more influence on driver’s heart rate than slopegrade.更多还原