节点文献
微分方程属于极限圆型的判定及解的有界性
【作者】 屈跃宽;
【导师】 孟凡伟;
【作者基本信息】 曲阜师范大学 , 应用数学, 2008, 硕士
【摘要】 二阶微分方程按极限点型或极限圆型的分类问题是由H.Weyl最早提出并进行研究的.他指出,二阶线性常微分方程可分为两类:极限圆型与极限点型.若方程的每一解都是平方可积的,则称此方程为极限圆型,否则,称为极限点型.常微分方程解的有界性问题最早是在研究生物学,生态学,生理学,物理学,神经网络等问题中提出的,是常微分方程研究中一个十分重要的领域.本文利用推广的具有偏差变元的积分不等式,结合不等式的一些技巧以及常微分方程的相关知识对一类二阶具有偏差变元的微分方程及一类二阶差分方程极限圆型的分类问题作了相关的研究工作,并且讨论了一类n阶具有偏差变元的常微分方程解的平方可积性与有界性和一类二阶非线性具有偏差变元的微分方程解的有界性.根据内容本文分为五章.本文第一章是绪论,概述了本文的研究背景.本文第二章,在0≤t<+∞上我们考虑二阶方程:(r(t)x′)′+a(t)x=0,(2.1.1)(r(t)x′)′+[a(t)+b(t)]x=(?)fi(t,x(t),x(φ(t))),(2.1.2)这里r(t)>0是R+=[0,+∞)上的绝对连续的实函数,a(t),b(t)是R+实连续函数,φ(t)是连续可微函数且满足φ(t)≤t,φ′(t)>0,limt→∞φ(t)>0,fi(t,x,y)为定义于[0,+∞)×R2上的实连续函数.方程(2.1.1)或(2.1.2)称为极限圆型的(简记为L·C),如果(2.1.1)或(2.1.2)的所有解均属于L2[0,+∞);方程(2.1.1)或(2.1.2)称为拉格朗日稳定的(简记为L·S),如果(2.1.1)或(2.1.2)的所有解在[0,+∞)上保持有界.本章利用文[9]中推广的不等式,证明了在一定条件下,方程(2.1.2)属于L·S∩L·C的问题可由方程(2.1.1)属于L·S∩L·C来判定.H.Weyl讨论了若方程:x″+a(t)x=0,(2.1.3)是L·C的,则当b(t)=O(1)时,方程:x″+[a(t)+b(t)]x=0,(2.1.4)也是L·C的.1985年,欧阳亮[2]研究了方程(2.1.1)及方程(r(t)x′)′+[a(t)+b(t)]x=0,(2.1.5)得出:如果方程(2.1.1)属于L·S∩L·C且|b(t)|∈Lp[0,+∞)(P≥1),则方程(2.1.5)也属于L·S∩L·C.2001年,徐润.[8]证明了在一定条件下,方程(r(t)x′)′+(a(t)+b(t))x=f(t,x(t),x(φ(t))) (2.1.9)属于L·S∩L·C的问题可由方程(2.1.1)属于L·S∩L·C来判定.当方程(2.1.2)中,r(t)≡1,fi(t,x(t),x(φ(t)))≡0,(i=1,2…,m)时即为方程(2.1.4);当fi(t,x(t),x(φ(t)))≡0,时,方程(2.1.2)即为方程(2.1.5);当方程(2.1.2)中m=1时,方程(2.1.2)即为方程(2.1.9).因此本文的结果是前述文献中结论的推广.本文第三章,在0≤t<+∞上我们考虑n阶微分方程:(r(t)yn-1(t))′+(?)ai(t)yi(t)=f(t,y(t),y(φ(t)),(3.1.1)这里r(t)>0连续可微,t∈R+=[0,+∞),ai(t)在R+上连续(i=0…,n-2),f(t,x,y)是定义在R+×R×R上的连续函数,且假定方程(3.1.1)满足Cauchy问题的局部存在性,φ(t)是连续可微函数且满足φ(t)≤t,φ′(t)>0,limt→∞φ(t)>0.本文的主要目的是借助于文[9]中推广的具有偏差变元的积分不等式,讨论了方程(3.1.1)的解属于L2[0,+∞)及有界的条件.本文第四章,讨论了二阶差分方程x(n+2)+q(n)x(n+1)+p(n+1)x(n)=0 (4.1.1)x(n+2)+q(n)x(n+1)+p(n+1)x(n)=f(n) (4.1.2)其中n∈Nn0={n0,n0+1,…}n0∈N,g(n),p(n),f(n)是定义在N上的实序列的极限圆型的分类问题,借助于辅助函数获得方程(4.1.1),(4.1.2)是极限圆型的若干充分条件及(4.1.1),(4.1.2)的解有界的判定准则.考虑二阶差分方程(4.1.1),(4.1.2)的极限圆型的分类问题,在差分算子理论及按差分方程的特征函数展开理论中有重要应用,关于这类问题已早有研究.欧阳亮在文[3]中研究了一类二阶微分算子的有界和极限圆型问题,得到了方程所有解有界的充要条件,并且得到了带摄动项的二阶微分方程所有界有界的充分条件.程远纪在文[4]给出了判断一类二阶微分方程属于极限圆型或有界的准则.孟凡伟在文[5]中给出了二阶非齐次微分方程属于极限圆型的判定.本文的主要目的就是讨论差分方程(4.1.1),(4.1.2)的类似性质,目前这方面结果不多.本文第五章,利用带有偏差变元的积分不等式研究下列二阶非线性具有偏差变元的微分方程解的有界性(a(t)x′(t))′+f(t,x(t),x(φ(t)))=0.(5.1.1)其中φ(t)是一连续可微函数且满足φ(t)≤t,φ′(t)>0,φ(t)最终为正.在本章最后,我们还给出一个例子来说明我们所得结果的有效性.
【Abstract】 The classification of limit point case or the limit circle case for the secondorderdifferential equations was first mentioned and researched by H.Weyl. He pointed out that the second-order linear ordinary differential equation can be divided into two cases: limit circle case and limit point case. If each solution of the linear equations is the square integrable solution, then it is called this equation is of the limit circle case, otherwise, it is called the limit point case. The boundedness of the solution for ordinary differential equation is proposed most early in the researches such as biology,ecology,physiology,physics,neural network question,etc. which is one of the most important in the research of ordinary differential equation.This article use the improved integral inequalities with the deviate variable and some skills of inequalities as well as related knowledge about second-order differential equation,to obtain the following results: the classification of limit point case or limit circle case and boundedness for second order differential or difference equation with deviative variable,discussed the classification for certain n-order differential equations,Criteria for the classification of second order differential equation with deviative variable.This article divides into five chapters according to contents.The first chapter is an introduction, which outline the background of this research.In the second chapter, we consider the second order equation(r(t)x′)′+ a(t)x = 0, (2.1.1)(r(t)x′)′+ [a(t)+b(t)]x = (?)fi(t,x(t),x(φ(t))), (2.1.2)on 0≤t < +∞where r(t) > 0 is absolutely continuous real function, a(t), b(t) is real continuous function on R+ = [0,+∞),φ(t) is a continuously differentiable function, which satisfiesφ(t)≤t,φ′(t) > 0, limt→∞φ(t) > 0, fi(t,x,y) are continuous functions defined on [0,+∞)×R2.The equation (2.1.1) or (2.1.2) is called limit circle case(denoted L·C), if all the solutions of equation (2.1.1) or (2.1.2) belong to L2[0, +∞); the equation (2.1.1). or (2.1.2) is called the Lagrange stably (denoted by L cdotS),if all the solutions of equation (2.1.1) or (2.1.2) are bounded on [0,+00).In this chapter,we use the improved inequality in article [9] to proved that under certain conditions,the equation (2.1.2) belongs to L·S∩L·C can be decided by the equation (2.1.1) belonging to L·S∩L·C.H.Weyl discussed the equationx″+ a(t)x = 0, (2.1.3)If it is of L·C,then when b(t) = 0(1),the equationx″+ [a(t) + b(t)]x = 0, (2.1.4)is L·C.In 1985,Ou Yang Liang [2] research the equation (2.1.1) and the equation(r(t)x′)′+ [a(t)+b(t)]x = O, (2.1.5)and obtained the following results :If the equation (2.1.1) belongs to L·S∩L·C, and |b(t)|∈Lp[0,+∞)(p > 1),thenthe equation (2.1.5)belongs to L·S∩L·C too.In 2001, Xu Run [8] proves that under certain conditions,the problem of the equation(r(t)x′)′+ (a(t) + b(t))x = f(t,x(t),x(φ(t))) (2.1.9)belongs to L·S∩L·C can be decided by the equation (2.1.1)belongs to L·S∩L·C.If r(t) = 1, fi(t,x(t),x(φ(t))) = 0 then (2.1.2) turns into (2.1.4);If fi(t,x(t),x(φ(t))) = 0,(i = 1,2,...,m), the equation (2.1.2) turns into the equation (2.1.5); and when m = 1, the equation (2.1.2) turns into the equation (2.1.9).So the results of this article improve the results of the paper cited before. In the third chapter,we consider the n order differential equation:(r(t)yn-1(t))′+ (?)ai(t)yi(t) = f(t,y(t),y(φ(t))), (3.1.1) in 0≤t < +∞.where r(t) > 0 is continuous and differentiable on t∈R+ = [0,+∞), ai(t) is continuous on R+ (i = 0, ...,n - 2), f(t,x,y) is continuous function which defined on R+×R×R, and we assume the equation (3.1.1) satisfies the local existence of Cauchy problem,φ(t)is continuous and differentiable and satisfyφ(t)≤t,φ′(t) > 0, limt→∞φ(t) > 0.The main purpose of this chapter is discussed conditions for the solutions of equation (3.1.1) belong to L2[0, +∞) and the boundedness condition of the solutions,by the integral inequalities with deviation variable mentioned in article [9].In the fourth chapter,we studies the second-order difference equationx(n + 2) + q(n)x(n + 1) +p(n + 1)x(n) = 0 (4.1.1)x(n + 2) + q(n)x(n + 1) +p(n + 1)x(n) = f(n) (4.1.2)where n G Nn0 = {n0,n0 + 1,...}, n0∈N, q(n), p(n), f(n) are the real sequences defined on N.According to the auxiliary function,we obtain sufficient conditions for the limit circle type of the equation (4.1.1), (4.1.2) and the criteria about the boundedness of the solution of (4.1.1), and (4.1.2).Considering the second difference equation (4.1.1), (4.1.2), The classification of limit circle case or limit point case is useful in the difference operator theory and the expansion theory of the characteristic function for difference equation. This problem had researched early. Ouyang Liang studied the boundedness and the limit cycle question of a kind of second differential operator in article [3],he obtained necessary and sufficient condition of all the solution of the equation having boundedness,as well as the sufficient conditions for all the solutions of the second-order differential equation with perturbation are bounded.Cheng Yuan Ji gave the discipline in paper [4] to judged a kind of second-order differential equation belonging to the limit circle or has boundedness. Meng Fan Wei gave the criteria of the second-order nonlinear differential equation belong to the limit cycle in article [5] . The main purpose of this chapter is discusses the difference equation in a similar nature,which the results of this aspect are not little.In the fifth chapter ,we consider the bounded solution of second-order nonlinear differential equation with deviating argument(a(t)x′(t))′+ f(t,x(t),x(φ(t))) =0. (5.1.1)whereφ(t) is a continuous and differentiable which satisfyingφ(t)≤t,φ′(t) > 0,φ(t) is eventually positive ,using the integral inequality with deviating argument, At last we give an example to show the results which we get is effective.
【Key words】 Deviate argument; Limit circle case; Limit point case; The boundedness of solutions; Integral inequality;
- 【网络出版投稿人】 曲阜师范大学 【网络出版年期】2008年 11期
- 【分类号】O175.1
- 【下载频次】103