【作者】 郭强；

【导师】 刘虹；

【作者基本信息】 河北师范大学 ， 教育学原理， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 在中国历史上,风云一世的袁世凯是一位颇具影响的人物。由于他所特有的北洋军阀鼻祖与中华民国首任大总统的社会身份与政治地位,他曾对中国社会的诸多方面产生过深刻的影响,这也注定了他成为后人进行多方位研究的对象之一。过去,史学界对袁世凯的研究多以批评为主,近年来,随着那些影响人们进行客观历史判断的政治因素和思想因素的逐渐淡去,以及第一手史料的广泛发掘和刊布,人们发现,他在经济、政治、军事、教育、法律等方面还有着在客观上推动中国近代化进程的一面。尤其是在新旧交替的清末“新政”时期,袁世凯抓住机遇,在教育方面进行了一系列的改革,对加快中国教育的近代化的进程起了重要的作用,对中国教育产生了深远的影响。在军事教育方面,积极兴办军事学堂、进行军制改革、开展军事留学教育,有力的推动了近代军事教育的发展;在普通教育方面,力主废除科举制度、兴办新式学堂、广设师范学堂,奠定了中国近代教育的基础;在教育管理方面,设立学校司和劝学所、制定系列的教育法规、组织编写统一的教科书,建立起完整的地方教育管理体制;在社会教育方面,创办普通科学馆、图书馆,利用阅报处、犯罪习艺所等社会教育机构与设施进行社会教育活动,促进了民众传统观念的转变。袁世凯在直隶所进行的具有开创性的教育改革,取得了十分明显的成效,也构成了他个人政治生涯中的重要组成部分。虽然因受时代的限制,袁世凯的教育思想和教育实践具有不可摆脱的局限性,但他对推动中国教育近代化进程所起的积极作用还是应该肯定的。更多还原

【Abstract】 Yuan Shikai is a figure of much influence in the history of China. Because of his unique social and political status as the originator of the Northern Warlords and the first president of Republic of China, he has a profound impact on many aspects of Chinese society, which also made him an object of multidimensional study by his descendants.In the past, academic research on history evaluated Yuan Shikai mainly in critical terms while in recent years, with the historical and political factors which affect people’s objective judgement gradually reduced, with the wide excavating and publishing of first-hand materials, it was found that Yuan Shikai has played objective role in promoting China’s modernization in economic, political, military, educational, legal and other aspects . Especially during "New Policy" at the end of Qing dynasty period, Yuan Shikai seized the opportunity to carry out a series of reforms in education which had a big part in accelerating the modernization of China’s education. In military education, he actively set up military schools, carried out military reforms, encouraged studying military knowledge abroad and all this improved the military development of China. In general education, Yuan Shikai advocated the abolition of the imperial examination system, established new schools and widely set up moral schools, all of which built the base of modern education of China. In educational management , Yuan Shikai established Secretary of school and study-advising institutions , formulated series of educational laws and regulations, compiled unified textbooks and set up complete local educational management system .In social education, he founded general science museums, libraries, carried out social education through educational institutions such as newspaper-reading sites, skill-learning sites for criminals and facilities to promote the change of traditional values of people.The groundbreaking educational reform conducted by Yuan Shikai is obviously an accomplishment and an important part of his political career. Although his educational thinking and practice has inevitable limitations due to age restrictions, the active role Yuan shikai played in promoting the modernization of China’s education should be affirmed.更多还原