【作者】 王芹；

【导师】 蒋团标；

【作者基本信息】 广西师范大学 ， 区域经济学， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 当今世界各国都面临着发展不平衡问题的困扰。作为世界上最大的发展中国家,中国区域经济差异问题显得尤为突出。区域经济差异是改革开放以来我国经济和社会发展中倍受学术界、政府和广大民众关注的一个重大问题。失衡的经济空间对中国的经济和社会发展所产生的种种不利影响日益显现,它是威胁社会和谐及协调发展的重要障碍。区域经济差异问题成了近年来我国经济和社会生活中的焦点之一。关于区域经济差异问题研究的主要理论包括区域均衡发展理论、区域非均衡发展理论、区域经济协调发展理论等。在我国这样一个地域发展差异极大的国家,均衡发展在现阶段是无法实现的。均衡发展理论与发展中国家的客观现实距离太大,无法解释现实的经济增长过程,无法为区域经济发展问题找到出路。在经济发展的初级阶段,非均衡发展理论对发展中国家更具有合理性和现实指导意义。针对我国的现实国情,在对区域非均衡发展理论和区域经济协调发展理论评述的基础上,通过对省内区域经济差异的全面审视,可以评价以往省域经济发展战略和区域经济政策的效果。为制定科学的区域经济发展战略与政策、统筹区域发展和城乡发展、实现区域经济协调发展提供依据。因此,研究省内的区域经济差异和协调发展具有重要的实践意义。江苏经济发展的现实,己经不是讨论要不要实行均衡发展战略的问题,而是如何找到一条切实可行的区域经济协调发展道路、实现全省经济的稳定协调发展的问题。其中的关键之处在于要对全省的区域经济差异问题有个全面而深刻的了解。区域经济差异的存在与变化在不同程度上激发了各个区域经济主体发展的积极性,但区域经济差异过大又给区域经济发展带来了很多负面影响。如地方保护主义盛行、区域市场分割、区域经济之间无序竞争、区域发展经济短期行为等。区域经济发展的悬殊差距,如果长期得不到有效控制,势必造成社会不公平性加剧、不安定因素增加,以致最终可能影响到区域经济发展的持续性,降低了经济的整体效益,甚至会危害社会稳定和国家安全。20世纪90年代江苏经济发展十分迅速。江苏虽然属于我国东部沿海的发达省份,同样存在内部各区域之间的经济差异问题,其内部差异的扩大将影响全省经济快速、持久发展,影响江苏“两个率先”目标的实现。以江苏为例从影响各地区经济发展的影响因素分析来看,江苏经济区域包括苏南、苏中和苏北地区。然而目前江苏的小康是一个不平衡、欠全面、整体水平不尽人意的小康,以2003年为例,苏南、苏中、苏北的人均地区生产总值分别为48559元、23501元、13699元。苏南人均地区生产总值为苏中的2.07倍,苏北的3.5倍。过大的经济差距会造成需求不足、影响梯度转移,还有可能造成恶性循环。苏南、苏北的地区差距已经成为江苏经济进一步发展的瓶颈。江苏三大区域之间差距的形成是由多方面因素导致的,既有其历史的原因,也有其现实原因;既有客观上的原因,也有其主观上的原因。具体而言主要包括固有的历史原因和各地区不同的区位条件以及生长在各地区居民不同的思想观念,此外,产业结构方面的差别和政策因素也是导致这种差异的主要原因,而各地区获取不同的投资又加剧了这种差别。有鉴于此,通过对江苏区域经济差异及其成因的实证分析,可以全面揭示江苏区域经济差异的变动过程、特点、构成以及成因,为制定江苏区域经济协调发展规划提供合理依据。为了适应区域经济发展的需要,应及时调整和完善区域经济政策。政府作为区域经济差异的调控主体,应着力使差异控制在适度的范围内,并采取一系列政策和措施加快区域经济的发展,逐步缩小落后区域与发达区域的经济差异。根据现阶段江苏省区域差异状况与区域发展目标,应采取一系列有效措施,以促进区域经济的协调发展。根据国家统筹区域发展、城乡发展方针和全面建设小康社会的奋斗目标,结合江苏省的经济发展阶段和区域经济差异情况,为了缓解江苏区域经济差异,应从以下三点入手。首先,构建有利于欠发达区域经济发展的宏观经济环境;其次,加强区域经济合作,包括省内地区间合作和落后地区寻求与周边地区的合作;第三,引导和推动欠发达地区产业结构的调整等相关措施来达到促进整个江苏省国民经济稳定、协调、高效运行的目的。这对于实现江苏经济持续、快速、健康、协调发展,正确解决效率与公平关系,提高落后地区的生活水平具有重大的现实意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 Now various countries are faced with the puzzle of unbalanced development. As the largest developing country of the world, China’s regional economic difference problem is particularly prominent. Since reform and open policy, the regional economic difference has been the major issue of concern by the academic community, the government and the people in China’s economic and social development. The unbalanced economical space have all sorts of negative impacts on China’s economic and social development,which is the important obstacle threating to social harmony and coordinated development. In recent years,the regional economic difference has become one of the focal issues in economic and social life of China.About regional economies difference question research main theory including region balanced development theory, region non-balanced development theory, regional economies coordinated development theory and so on. In our country this kind of region development difference enormous country, the balanced development is unable in the present stage to realize. The balanced development theory and the developing country objective reality is away from is too big, the indecipherable reality’s economic growth process, was unable for the regional economies development question to find the outlet. In economic development’s initial stage, the non-balanced development theory has rational and the reality guiding sense to the developing country. In view of our country’s realistic national condition, to the region non-balanced development theory and in the regional economies coordinated development theory narration’s foundation, through to the province in regional economies difference’s comprehensive carefully examining, might appraise formerly saved the territory economic development strategy and the regional economies policy effect. For the formulation science’s regional economies developmental strategy and the policy, plan the area development and the city and countryside development, realize the regional economies coordinated development to provide the basis.Therefore, studies in the province the regional economies difference and the coordinated development has the important practice significance. The Jiangsu economic development’s reality, oneself after is not the discussion must implement the balanced developmental strategy the question, but how to find a practical and feasible regional economies coordinated development path, to realize the entire province economy stable coordinated development question. In which place of key lies in must the entire province regional economies difference question comprehensive and the profound understanding. The regional economies difference’s existence and the change stimulated each regional economies main body development enthusiasm in varying degrees, but the regional economies difference oversized gave the regional economies development to bring the negative influence. If the regional protectionism is in vogue, between the region market segmentation, the regional economies the disorderly competition, the area development economical short-term behavior and so on. Regional economies development disparate disparity, if cannot be under the active control for a long time, will cause the social fairness not to intensify, the astatic factor inevitably to increase, so that possibly affects finally the regional economies development endurance, reduced the economical overall benefit, will harm the social stability and the national security.In order to meet the regional economies need to develop, should adjust and consummate the regional economies policy promptly. The government as the regional economies difference’s regulative main body, should try to cause the difference control in the moderate scope, and takes a series of policies and measures to speed up the regional economies the development, reduces gradually falls behind the region and the developed region economical difference. According to the present stage Jiangsu Province region difference condition and the area development goal, should take a series of effective actions, promotes the regional economies coordinated development. Plans the area development, the city and countryside development guidelines and the comprehensive construction affluent society’s goal according to the country, unifies Jiangsu Province’s stage of economic development and the regional economies difference situation, to alleviate the Jiangsu regional economies difference, should obtain from the following three spots. First, the construction is advantageous in owing the developed regional economies development the macro economic environment; Next, strengthens the regional economic cooperation, cooperates including the province inland sector and falls behind the area to seek with the peripheral locality cooperation; Third, the guidance and the impetus owe the developed area industrial structure the adjustment and so on associated measures to achieve the promotion entire Jiangsu Province national economy stable, coordinated, the highly effective movement goal. This regarding realizes the Jiangsu economy continually, fast, healthy, the coordinated development, solves the efficiency and the fair relations correctly, enhances falls behind local the living standard to have the significant practical significance.更多还原