【作者】 崔炜；

【导师】 付建成；

【作者基本信息】 延安大学 ， 中国近现代史， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 本文试图在占有大量文献资料的基础上,运用历史学、人口学、社会学、统计学等多学科的理论和方法,对抗战时期陕甘宁边区移民产生的社会历史背景、移民的来源、边区政府对移民的安置、移民对陕甘宁边区的影响等进行考察,并对移民与边区社会的政治、经济、社会等方面的互动关系进行探讨,以补充和深化陕甘宁边区移民问题的研究。抗日战争时期,由于日本帝国主义发动的侵华战争、国民党政府的残酷剥削以及自然灾害等因素,陕甘宁边区出现了大量的移民,总数达26万多,一部分是沦陷区、国统区逃难来的移民,另一部分是边区内部产生的移民,移民问题成为边区突出的社会问题。边区政府为了救济移民,颁布了一系列的优待移民的政策,并发动党、政、军、民的合力帮助移民解决困难,逐渐使移民工作进入到“有组织、有计划”的阶段。通过观察边区政府安置移民的实践过程,我们发现,边区的移民安置工作取得了良好的效果,移民在边区安居乐业,不思再迁,逐渐融入到革命根据地的社会生活中。移民对边区的经济、政治、社会等各个方面均产生了重要的影响。首先,移民带来了大量的劳动力,开垦了无数荒地,增加了边区的粮食产量,还扩大了根据地的消费市场和劳动力市场,大大促进了边区经济建设的发展。其次,移民问题的产生和解决为边区中共局部执政经验的积累增添了新内容,为根据地民主实践形式和内容作出了贡献,最为重要的是移民有力地支援了抗日战争。最后,移民在不断参与到边区的各项建设事业的过程中,与根据地的社会风尚发生碰撞,互相适应,逐渐融合,对陕甘宁边区产生了深远的社会影响,为边区政府力图建立的新民主主义文化作出了贡献。笔者认为,在当时战争的历史背景下,边区政府对移民的安置工作是成功的,不管是取得的经验还是留下的教训,都对我们今天的移民政策有重要的借鉴意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 In this paper,based on the attempts to accuping a lot of papers,by meas of the theories and methods of history,demography,sociolog,statistics,social and hiorical background,the source of immigrants,resettlement of immigrants,the effects of immigrants are studied in the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia border area during the resistance-war period. Moreover,the interactive rlationships between the immigrants and the politics,ecornomic and society of the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia border are discussed.So the studies of immigrants in the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia border area are complemented and deepened.During the resistance-war period ,because of the war of againsting china by the Japanese imperialists,the ruthless exploitation of nationalist government as well as natural disasters,a large number of immigrants are appeared in the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia border area.The total number got to 260,000,some immigrants are Occupied Areas and Kuomintang-ruled areas,others are the interal of Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia border area.The problem of immigrants became the important social problem of Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia border area.The government of Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia border area wanted to relief immigrants,a series of policies of prferential treatment were promulgated and mobilized the pary government,military and people to help immigrants wih solving dificulties.Then the immigrants’s work got to organizing and planning step by step.By obsering the government resettled,immigrants,we found that immigrants resettlerment obtained the good results.The immigrants lived and worked in the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia border area.They didn’t want to move again and entered the social life of revolutionary base.The immigrants had effects on the econormic,polictics and society.Firstly the immigrants brought a lot of labor,reclaimed countless boldland,increased the output of grain in the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia border area.Moreover,the consumer marked and labor market were expanded,then the development of economic construction of Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia border area were contributed.Secondly,the produce and settlement of immigrants added to the new contents for the accumulation of the ruling experence in the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia border area.Meanwhile,they contributed the form and content for democractic practice of revolutionary base,most important of all,the immigrants supported the war of anti-Japanese.Lastly,during the immigrants joining the constructing process,someimes they collided the social awareness of revolutionary base,adapted to each other and integranted.Grudually,a far-reaching impacts were appeared for the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia border area.They contributed the culture of new democracy for the government.As far as the author concerned,under the historical background of war,the work of immigrants resettlerment by the government is successful,whether the experience of getting,or the lessons of learning.It is important reference for todays’s immigration polities.更多还原