城市生活垃圾焚烧发电清洁发展机制（CDM）项目开发研究

【作者】 罗海中；

【导师】 张德华； 陈异晖；

【作者基本信息】 昆明理工大学 ， 环境工程， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 城市生活垃圾焚烧发电,可以使垃圾资源化,减量化和无害化,将会是城市生活垃圾处理发展的大趋势。同时,垃圾焚烧发电不但可以减少因填埋而产生甲烷排放,而且可以代替一部分化石燃料发电,从而相应地减少CO₂的排放,具有双重的减排效果。但目前全球没有一例城市生活垃圾焚烧发电清洁发展机制项目成功注册,其主要原因有两个:一、关于城市垃圾焚烧发电的方法学迟迟未能通过,目前虽然有了这方面的综合方法学,但仍在不断送审和修改当中;二、关于城市垃圾焚烧发电项目基准线的确定,额外性的论证和减排量的计算都比较复杂,并且联合国清洁发展机制理事会（EB）对项目的审批非常严格,加上项目开发周期又相对较长。本文以昆明市五华区城市生活垃圾焚烧发电厂为案例,根据现在有的方法学AM0025,结合个人对此方法学的理解以及对CDM开发、审批过程的理解,利用案例进行项目开发验证,并对论证过程中所涉及到的基准线确定,额外性论证及减排量计算核心问题进行有益的探讨并在文后进行风险分析和提出项目开发建议,希望对日后作此类项目开发人员能起到借鉴作用。由于至今没有一例此类项目的成功注册,并且CDM仍属于新兴事物,因此数据收集和所需资料的来源都是本文所要面临一大难题。本人克服诸多困难,通过各种途径收集资料和文献,并运用统计学原理对结果进行调整,保证了一定的置信度和结果的保守性的情况下,对城市垃圾焚烧发电清洁发展机制（CDM）开发作出了有益的探讨,结果表明,城市垃圾焚烧发电开发成为CDM项目,不仅可以吸引国外资金,而且可能通过外售CO₂减排量（CERs）,引进国外先进的焚烧技术,这都将利于我们国家的可持续发展,也利于减少CO₂的排放,减缓全球的变化,保护环境,保护人类唯一的栖息地——地球。因此我们国家应该鼓励城市生活垃圾焚烧发电CDM项目的开发,并积极支持相关技术和方法的研发,以促进我国可持续发展。更多还原

【Abstract】 The way of burning the city garbage to send a telegram not only reduce the CH₄ emissions by burning the garbage but also can take pake of a part of the sending a telegram by using the fire. That can be reduce the CO₂ emissions,have a double effect on reducing emissions. The global havn’t a Clean Development Mechanism project in buring the city garbage to send a telegram jet nowdays, for two reasons, one side is that haven’t pass the methodology of burning the garbage to send a telegram, even through have been the methodology of this, but it has also been in the disscusing and revising; on the other side, the project of burning the garbage to send a telegram have lots of problems such as baseline, project boundary and the calculatite the emissions reducions, at the same time, the U.N. Clean Development Mechanism council is very strict with examining and approving this project.In this article, it took the power station of burning city-life rubbish for an example, analyzed the methodology rubbish burning to generate electricity CDM and the difficulties during the exploitation of item planning, including making sure of baseline, the testify of additional evaluation, calculating of emission reductions and risks maybe appeared in these item planning. According to the methodology AM0025 with personal understanding to it, and the exploitation to CDM, comprehension during examine and approve, could use the precedent to test and verify item planning, have some useful exploration for the fixation to baseline and the testify of additional evaluation calculating of emission reductions referred in the process of testifying as well, and give corresponding suggestions later. Hope it beneficial to the people who work on these items planning in future.Because it has not succeeded yet and CDM is also new to us, collecting the data and the source of resources needed are difficulties face to this essay. I have come over a lot of problems to collect data and documents by many ways and adjusted the result by using statistics theory, to have beneficial exploration to the generate electricity through burning city-life rubbish CDM within an extent convince and conservative of results. According to the result, the item of burning city-life rubbish to generate electricity CDM not only can absorb foreign currency, but also have the opportunity to gain advantage burning technology in foreign countries, that can be beneficial the deverlopment in our cuntury, so is the global greenhouse gas emission reductions. We should be exploit the Clean Development Mechanism project in buring the city garbage to send a telegram, and to support the technology and the exploiting methodology, in order to the development in our cuntury.更多还原