【作者】 李明；

【导师】 杨令宾；

【作者基本信息】 东北师范大学 ， 地图学与地理信息系统， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 遥感图像中军事目标的分割、特征提取和自动识别技术是现代军事信息技术研究的热点和难点问题,其应用价值主要体现在军事情报收集和对敌监控警戒、武器自动制导等诸多领域。其中,基于高分辨率(包括空间分辨率、时间分辨率和光谱分辨率,这里主要指空间分辨率)卫星影像中舰艇目标的图像处理和识别技术,在我军对台军事斗争准备以及东海、南海主权问题等方面具有重要的应用价值,它是确保我海洋主权、海上利益、对敌海上作战的重要的情报保障,也是我军现代化建设中,从机械化向信息化建设发展必须解决的重要问题。本文选择的卫星遥感图像是国产的“尖兵三号”军用侦察卫星的可见光图像,其空间分辨率在1-3米左右。论文以此类遥感影像中舰艇目标的精确分割和分割后舰艇目标的特征提取技术作为研究方向。结合图像中舰艇目标和水体背景的实际特点。首先对原始的遥感图像进行了噪声去除和对比度增强预处理,在图像增强处理过程中对已有的模糊增强算法进行了改进。在接下来的图像分割过程中,选择了基于阈值的图像分割方法作为本文研究的重点,先利用成熟的一维阈值分割方法进行舰艇目标分割实验,分析缺点。将在分割过程中使用像素的灰度分布信息和空间信息将分类像素的特征空间由一维推广到二维,用传统的二维Otsu阈值分割方法对目标进行分割,效果较好,但缺点是计算较为复杂、时间开销过大。最后提出了一种用简化的二维Otsu分割法结合区域生长法进行图像分割的方法,将整个图像分割过程分为两部分,首先用简化的二维Otsu进行初始分割,然后用区域生长法进行精确分割,实验证明该方法分割效果较为精确、速度较快,有较强的实用性。在本文的最后,介绍了一种基于归一化Freeman链码直方图技术提取舰艇目标形状特征的方法。全文共分五章。其中研究的重点在第二、三、四章,这三章分别研究了图像预处理、图像分割和特征提取的各种技术以及本文所作的一些改进和实验。更多还原

【Abstract】 In remote sensing image, the segmentation of military targets ,feature extraction and the technology of automatic recognition are the hotspot and difficulty in the research of modern military information technology.They are applied mainly in many fields such as the collection of military information , monitoring and warning against the enemies and homing guidance weapons. In high-resolution(which involve spatial resolution, temporal resolution and spectrum resolution) satellite image, the image processing and recognition technology of ship targets have a great value in the military preparation against Taiwan and sovereignty problems in East Sea and South China Sea.They provide us with a significant information safeguard net on our oceanic sovereignty ,nautical interests and nautical battles against enemies.Meanwhile,in the modernization of our military ,they are urgency with the transition from mechanization to informationization.The satellite remote sensing images from the paper are the visible image taken by homemade“JBⅢ”military reconnaissance satellite.The spatial resolution arranges from 1 to 3 meters.This paper concentrates on the precision segmentation in ship targets of the remote sensing image and the feature extraction which comes from the ship targets after segmentation.Combining with the factual characteristics of the ship targets and background of the water,the paper firstly carry through a yawp removal and pretreatment of contrast enhancement,followed by an improvement on the current fuzzy enhancement algorithm in the processing of image enhancement. In the following process of image segmentation ,the paper focuses on image segmentation method which is based on threshold,then makes an segmentation experiment against ship targets by means of well-applied one-dimensional threshold segmentation method ,after that analyses the disadvantage.It spreads the feature space of the distribution pixels from one to two dimension by making use of gray-level information and spatial information in the process of segmentation.It indicates a good result by adopting the traditional two-dimentional Otsu threshold segmentation to segment the targets,while the shortcoming is that it has a complexing computation and is time-consuming. Finally,this paper presents a method that combined with region growing method , it segments images by means of a kind of simplified two-dimensional Otsu .The method divides the image segmentation into two processes .Firstly,it takes a initial segmentation by using simplified two-dimentional Otsu.Secondly,it carries on a precision segmentation by using region-growing method.Experimental result indicates that the method proves to be accurate ,rapid and well-applied.The paper is made up of five chapters , the keypoint of which are two ,three and four chapter.These three chapters make research respectively on the technology of image preprocessing ,image segmentation and feature extraction ,improvement and experiment which refered in this paper .更多还原