【作者】 曹俊涛；

【导师】 刘华钢； 杨斌；

【作者基本信息】 广西医科大学 ， 药理学， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 目的探讨仙人掌果原汁及多糖提取物对实验性高脂血症大鼠血脂、脂质过氧化、血液流变学及肝脏脂肪变性的影响。方法1．饮食性高脂血症模型的建立：80只健康雄性SD大鼠，适应性饲养7天后，按血清总胆固醇（TC）水平随机选10只作为空白组，一直喂饲基础饲料。其余70只大鼠高脂饲料喂饲3周，建立高脂血症大鼠模型。2．实验分组及处理：高脂血症模型建立后，将70只高脂血症大鼠按TC水平随机分成7组（10只／组）：模型组、果原汁低剂量组、果原汁中剂量组、果原汁高剂量组、果原汁多糖低剂量组、果原汁多糖高剂量组、洛伐他汀组。继续喂饲高脂饲料的同时，根据大鼠体重，果原汁低剂量组、中剂量组、高剂量组分别按1．05g／kg·d^-1、2．10g/kg·d^-1、3．15g／kg·d^-1的灌胃剂量灌仙人掌果原汁，多糖低剂量组、高剂量组按1．19g／kg·d^-1和2．37g/kg·d^-1灌果原汁多糖提取物，洛伐他汀组按3．0mg/kg·d^-1灌洛伐他汀液。空白组和模型组按30ml／kg·d^-1灌蒸馏水。各组每日灌胃2次，共3周。3．测试指标：检测各组大鼠摄食量、体重、血清TC、甘油三脂（TG）、高密度脂蛋白-胆固醇（HDL-C）、低密度脂蛋白-胆固醇（LDL-C）、LDL-C／HDL-C、TG／HDL-C比值、动脉粥样硬化指数（AI）、载脂蛋白AⅠ（apoAⅠ）、载脂蛋白B（apoB）、超氧化物岐化酶（SOD）、丙二醛（MDA）、全血粘度、血浆粘度、红细胞压积、肝重、肝脏系数及光镜下肝组织病理形态学等。结果1．高脂血症模型建立：与造模前相比，高脂饲料组70只大鼠，喂饲高脂饲料3周后，血清TC、TG、LDL-C水平显著升高（P<0．01）、HDL-C显著下降（P<0．05）。2．对血脂的影响：给药3周后，与同组给药前相比，果原汁中剂量组、高剂量组、多糖低剂量组、高剂量组、洛伐他汀组TC、TG水平降低有显著性差异（P<0．01或P<0．05）；果原汁多糖高剂量组HDL-C升高有显著性差异（P<0．05）；果原汁高剂量组、多糖低剂量组、高剂量组、洛伐他汀组LDL-C降低有显著性差异（P<0．01或P<0．05）。与模型组相比，各给药组TC、TG、LDL-C、LDL-C／HDL-C、TG／HDL-C比值、AI和apoB水平降低，并且均有显著性差异（P<0．01或P<0．05），果原汁多糖高剂量组、洛伐他汀组HDL-C水平升高有显著性差异（P<0．05），各给药组apoAⅠ水平升高，但无显著性差异（P>0．05）。3．抗氧化能力的影响：给药3周后，与模型组相比，果原汁中剂量组、高剂量组、多糖低剂量组、高剂量组、洛伐他汀组SOD升高有显著性差异（P<0．05或P<0．01），各给药组MDA降低均有显著性差异（P<0．05或P<0．01）。4．对血液流变学的影响：给药3周后，与模型组相比，果原汁低剂量组全血粘度（高切、中切、低切）、红细胞压积降低有显著性差异（P<0．05或P<0．01），果原汁中剂量组、高剂量组、多糖低剂量组、高剂量组、洛伐他汀组全血粘度（高切、中切、低切）、血浆粘度、红细胞压积降低有显著性差异（P<0．05或P<0．01）。5．对肝脏的影响：果原汁高剂量组、多糖高剂量组和洛伐他汀组肝重降低有显著性差异（P<0．05），果原汁中剂量组、高剂量组、多糖低剂量组、高剂量组、洛伐他汀组肝脏系数降低有显著性差异（P<0．05或P<0．0 1）；各给药组肝组织脂肪变性程度均有不同程度的改善，果原汁高剂量组、多糖高剂量组和洛伐他汀组效果较好。结论仙人掌果原汁及多糖提取物有明显的降血脂、抗氧化、改善血液流变学及肝脏脂肪变性作用，对防治高脂血症和肝脂肪变性的发生发展有积极意义，应进一步加强其有效成份和作用机制的研究。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objectives To explore the effect of the Opuntia Ficus-indica natural juice and its polysaccharide extract on the experiment hyperlipemia, lipid peroxidation, haemorheology and hepa-adipose degeneration.Methods 1. Establishment of the alimentary hyperlipemia model: 10of 80 healthy male SD rat were selected as control group randomly according to the serum total cholesterol （TC） raised by basic animal feeds after 7 days adaptive raising. The others were raised by hyper-fatty animal feeds for 3 weeks to establishing the hyperlipemia rat model. 2. Groups and treatment: 70 rats were divided into 7 groups randomly according to the serum TC: model group, low Opuntia Ficus-indica natural juice group, middle Opuntia Ficus-indica natural juice group, high Opuntia Ficusindica natural juice group, low polysaccharide extract group, high polysaccharide extract group, and lovastatin group. Continuing feeding hyper-fatty animal feeds, low Opuntia Ficus-indica natural juice group, middle Opuntia Ficus-indica natural juice group and high Opuntia Ficus-indica natural juice group were intragastriced with Opuntia Ficus-indica natural juice at the doses of 1.05g/kg·d^-1, 2.10g/kg·d^-1, 3.15g/kg·d^-1 respectively. Low polysaccharide extract group and high polysaccharide extract group were intragastriced with polysaccharide extract at the doses of 1.19g/kg·d^-1, 2.37g/kg·d^-1 respectively. Lovastatin group was intragastriced with lovastatin at the doses of 3.0mg/kg·d^-1. Model group and control group were intragastriced with distilled water at the doses of 30ml/kg·d^-1. All the doses were giving according to the bodyweight. All the groups were intragastriced twice per day for 3 weeks. 3. Test index: For all the rats of each group, cibation dose, body weight, serum TC, triglyeride（TG）, high density lipoprotein cholesterol（HDL-C）, low density lipoprotein-cholesterol（LDL-C）, LDL-C/ HDL-C ratio, TG/HDL-C ratio, atherogenic index （AI）, apoprotein （apoAⅠ）, apoprotein （apoB）, superoxide dismutase （SOD）, malondialdehyde （MDA） , whole blood viscosity, plasma viscosity, haematocrit, liver weight, liver coefficient and microscope pathomor-phism were all tested.Results 1. Establishing the hyperlipemia model: The level of the serum TC, TG and LDL-C of rats raised by the hyper-fatty animal feeds for three weeks increased significantly （P<0.01）, while the level of the HDL-C decreased significantly （P<0.05）. 2. The effects on the blood fat: the level of the TC and TG of the middle Opuntia Ficus-indica natural juice group, high Opuntia Ficusindica natural juice group, low polysaccharide extract group, high polysaccharide extract group and lovastatin group decreased significantly （P<0.01 or P<0.05）. The level of the HDL-C increased significantly （P<0.05） in the high Opuntia Ficus-indica natural juice group 3 weeks later after administered. The level of the serum LDL-C decreased significantly（P<0.01 or P<0.05） in high Opuntia Ficus-indica natural juice group, low polysaccharide extract group, high polysaccharide extract group and lovastatin group. Compare to the model group, the levels of the TC, TG, LDL-C, LDL-C/HDL-C,TG/HDL-C, AI and apoB decreased significantly（P<0.01 or P<0.05） in each group, while the level of the HDL-C increased significantly（P<0.05）in high polysaccharide extract group and lovastatin group. The level of the apoA I increased without significant difference（P<0.05）. 3. Effects on the antioxygen: the level of the SOD increased significantly（P<0.05 or P<0.01）in the middle Opuntia Ficusindica natural juice group, high Opuntia Ficus-indica natural juice group, low polysaccharide extract group, high polysaccharide extract group and lovastatin group 3 weeks later after administered. The level of the MDA decreased significantly（P<0.05 or P<0.01） in each group. 4. Effects on the hemorheology: the whole blood viscosity（high, middle and low slash）, serum viscosity and the haematocrit decreased significantly（P<0.05 or P<0.01） in the low Opuntia Ficus-indica natural juice group. And the whole blood viscosity（high, middle and low slash）, serum viscosity and the haematocrit were decreased significantly（P<0.05 or P<0.01） in the middle Opuntia Ficus-indica natural juice group, high Opuntia Ficus-indica natural juice group, low polysaccharide extract group, high polysaccharide extract group and lovastatin group 3 weeks later after administered. 5. Effects on the liver: the liver weight decreased significantly （P<0.05） in the high Opuntia Ficus-indica natural juice group, high polysaccharide extract group and lovastatin group, and the liver coefficient decreased significantly （P<0.05 or P<0.01） in the middle Opuntia Ficus-indica natural juice group, high Opuntia Ficus-indica natural juice group, low polysaccharide extract group, high polysaccharide extract group and lovastatin group. In all the treated groups, the liver adipose degeneration were ameliorated in some degree especially in the high polysaccharide extract group and lovastatin group.Conclusion: The Opuntia Ficus-indica natural juice and its polysaccharide extract have significant effects on decreasing blood fat, antioxygen and ameliorating haemorheology. There are energetic senses on prevention and cure the hyperlipemia and liver adipose degeneration. We should study further into its active constituent and its mechanism.更多还原