【作者】 孙艳；

【导师】 海山；

【作者基本信息】 内蒙古师范大学 ， 人文地理学， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 内蒙古阴山北麓农牧交错带在地形、气候、社会、经济和文化等方面都表现出明显的过渡性,生态环境脆弱易波动,是我国北方重要的地理环境过渡地带和生态屏障。人口剧增和长期不合理的人类活动,使其生态系统遭受了严重的人为干扰和破坏,区域生态环境和人地关系恶化,给当地人民的生产和生活带来极大危害。因此,协调发展人地关系,实现区域可持续发展对自治区乃至全国具有重要意义。本文以人地关系地域系统理论、协调发展基本理论、生态经济和循环经济理论为基础,把村域作为研究对象,以阴山北麓农牧交错带典型区察右后旗三个行政村为例,从微小尺度、微观视角采用定性与定量相结合的方法,利用协调发展模型从协调度和协调发展水平两方面对阴山北麓农牧交错带村域人地系统从整体上进行了评价,并通过灰色关联分析法分析各子系统与各系统指标之间的关系,分析近十年来研究区村域人地系统发展变化的原因,在此基础上提出协调发展该地带人地关系的对策建议,力图在我国北方农牧交错带的一个典型地域类型区——阴山北麓农牧交错带的人地关系现状微观研究方面取得一些突破,并能够为决策者及社会各界提供可操作性的参考依据。经协调发展模型研究发现,近十年来,阴山北麓农牧交错带研究区村域人地系统综合发展水平呈逐渐上升趋势,村域人地系统协调度和协调发展水平整体上呈现上升趋势,偶有波动,但人地系统协调发展水平值很低,长期处在失调到勉强协调状态。通过灰色关联分析得出,研究区村域资源环境系统中,人均土地面积和粮食亩产量对社会经济系统和人口劳动力系统的发展水平影响最大;社会经济系统中,人均居住面积和人均粮食产值对资源环境与人口劳动力系统的影响最大,其次是恩格尔系数和种植业与畜牧业产值占农业总产值比重;人口劳动力系统中,人口密度是影响资源环境和社会经济系统发展的最主要因素,然后是人口自然增长率和初中以上文化程度劳动力比重。由此本文提出:阴山北麓农牧交错带协调发展人地关系首先要控制人口数量,提高人口素质;其次要优化土地利用方式与结构,地下水资源丰富的地区,应以发展农业种植和蔬菜种植为主,实行农田集中灌溉经营,提高水资源的利用率,从而增加农民收入,交通便利、水源富集的地区可以发展奶牛养殖和蔬菜种植业,农田灌溉条件差、交通闭塞的地区可以组织农民通过劳务输出缓解人地矛盾;第三要发展特色优势产业为协调人地关系提供经济基础,并通过法制化规范资源和环境的利用方式,规范劳动力市场以及政府行为,为协调人地关系提供法律保障体系。此外,本文还指出,阴山北麓农牧交错带有些地区破坏环境的主导因素从过度开垦转变为过度放牧,区域人地关系十分紧张,必须引起高度重视,如果不巩固前期生态环境恢复建设所取得的成就,生态环境很可能继续恶化。当地政府应该引导农民因地制宜地发展经济,走生态经济良性循环道路才是解决农牧交错带人地关系问题的关键。更多还原

【Abstract】 The agro-pastoral area in north foot of Yinshan Mountain of Inner Mongolia is transient obviously in terms of terrain, climate, society, economy and cultures; ecology environment is fragile and tends to fluctuate. This area is an important geography environment transient zone and ecology barrier of our north country. Increasing population and unreasonable human behavior for decades severely deteriorated the ecosystem of agro-pastoral area in north foot of Yinshan Mountain. Moreover, dry climate aggravated desert and deteriorated regional ecology environment and man-land relationship. Therefore, it is significant to coordinate man-land relationship of this area and carry out sustainable development.This thesis is on the basic of man-land relationship region system theory, coordinated development theory, ecology economics and circular economy theory, takes three administrative villages of agro-pastoral area in the north foot of Yinshan Mountain as study object, uses quantitative and qualitative methods from two aspects of coordinated degree and coordinated development level to evaluate study area man-land relationship. Then using the Grey Relation Analysis method analyses the influence between subsystems and indexes. Finally, this thesis analyses man-land relationship change reason in recent ten years of study area village, on the basis of which brings out strategies and suggestions to coordinate man-land relationship of this area in order to supply operational gist and makes some progress on man-land relationship microcosmic research in the typical area of north agro-pastoral area.There comes the result through coordinated development model that the man-land system of study area villages in agro-pastoral area of north foot of Yinshan Mountain development level goes continuously up in recent ten years, man-land system coordinated degree and coordinated development level of research area villages raises on the whole. However, the coordinated development level is very low and lies on the level of inharmonious. Though the Grey Relation Analysis, this thesis reaches out the conclusion that in resource environment system, average land area and a unit of area of commissariat output are the maximal factor to society economy system development level and population labor force system development level; in society economy system, average living area and average commissariat production value are the maximal factor to resource environment system development level and population labor force system development level; in the population labor force system, population density is the maximal factor to resource environment system and society economy system, on the basis of which this thesis comes to the conclusion that we should firstly control population amount and improve population diathesis; secondly we should optimize land-use manner and frame, in the area of abundance groundwater mainly develops agriculture growth and vegetable growth, carries out farmland centralized irrigation, improves groundwater using probability; in the area of convenient traffic and abundance groundwater mainly develops milk cow breeding and vegetable growth, and in the region of bad irrigation condition and occlusive traffic, we should organize farmer to work out relaxing man-land contradiction. Thirdly, we should develop special preponderant industry to support economy base and regulate the using manner of resource environment, labor market and government behavior through law. In addition, this thesis puts forward that the key factor of destroying environment in some area of agro-pastoral area of north foot of Yinshan Mountain has changed from excessive cultivation to excessive grazing. It should be paid attention to for consolidating ecological environment establishment harvest. The key of solving local man-land relationship is to develop ecological economy by adjusting measures to local conditions.更多还原