【作者】 杨琴；

【导师】 周忠发；

【作者基本信息】 贵州师范大学 ， 自然地理学， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 水土流失导致的生态环境日趋恶化,已威胁到人类的生存;喀斯特地区严重水土流失产生的后果——石漠化现象,更令人担忧。在数字化和信息化时代,传统的水土流失研究方法已不能满足现代水土流失快速、定量调查的需要。利用栅格数据将GIS和RS集成,充分发挥栅格数据在分析建模中的优势,为现代水土流失研究探索一种新方法已是必然趋势。本文通过网格数据将遥感、地理信息系统技术和水土流失模型有机结合,进行喀斯特地区水土流失遥感定量监测研究,建立适合喀斯特地区的水土流失监测模型,具有重大的理论意义;同时构建研究区水土流失因子库,确定研究区水土流失强度等级,为研究区水土保持和生态环境建设提供科学依据,具有重大的现实意义。主要研究内容及成果如下:1、在对比研究国内外区域水土流失模型的基础上,以通用土壤流失方程USLE为框架,建立了适用于喀斯特地区的水土流失模型及各因子算法。2、建立了研究区1:10000大比例尺DEM数据,并在此基础上生成了坡度、坡长、地形起伏度等地形因子数据库。3、在借鉴前人研究成果的基础上,以鸭池示范区典型喀斯特地区为研究对象,提出了喀斯特地区的水土流失分等定级标准。4、本文通过GIS和USLE模型实现了研究区水土流失的定量评价,并建立了研究区土壤侵蚀模数数据库,计算的示范区水土流失面积31.7km2,侵蚀模数为759.9t/km2·a。更多还原

【Abstract】 Soil erosion resulted in the deterioration of the ecological en- vironment has been a threat to the survival of mankind; The cones- quences of serious soil erosion of Karst region——desertification phenomenon, what is even more shocking.In the digital era, the traditional methods of soil erosion has been unable to meet the needs of modern soil erosion rapid, quantitative survey. Raster data conbined with GIS and RS used to the modern soil erosion study and explore is an inevitable trend. This paper studied the monitoring method of soil erosion in karst region based on USLE model and the grid data. In the course, RS (remote sensing) and GIS (geographic information system) were used.The establishment of model for soil erosion monitoring in the Karst region has great significance. At the same time, The establishment of the soil erosion factor database for the study area, identification of the soil erosion intensity levels for the study area, provide a scientific basis for soil conservation and ecological environment research,also have a great practical sign- ificance.The followed is the central content and harvest:1、On the base of the study on advantage and disadvantage of internal and external soil erosion model, we established the model of soil erosion in karst region used the USLE as the frame.2、DEM of 1:10000 was created in study area and on the base, the database of slop steepness, slop length and undulant degree of topographty were built.3、Referring to the outcome of previous studies,Proposed soil erosion classification standards Of typical karst areas on the base of the Yachi Demonstration Area in Bijie in Guizhou.4、Through GIS and USLE model, we achieved soil erosion quantitative evaluation of demonstration area.established its soil erosion module database,Calculated the area of soil erosion of demonstration area is 31.7km2, the erosion modulus is 759.9t/km2·a.更多还原