【作者】 张英；

【导师】 韩爱平；

【作者基本信息】 河南大学 ， 新闻学， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 媒体救助报道亦称新闻援助报道,爱心报道。是指新闻媒体以重大灾难事故的严重后果、困难群体贫困疾病等生存发展困境、弱势地位的个体、群体合法权益受到的侵害或公众利益受到的严重损害等情况为主要内容,以新闻报道的形式传播出去,依靠媒体在一定范围内的辐射力和影响力,形成舆论强势,引起社会关注,最终唤起社会各界帮助报道对象渡过难关的一种新闻报道。媒体救助报道不同于普通新闻报道。它是一种具有轰动性、持久性的新闻报道,更多地将目光集中于社会弱势群体,在报道中着重突出人文关怀,以情动人。另外,媒体救助报道尤其注重策划,对媒体救助活动不同阶段的报道能够不断掀起新的救助高潮。新闻媒体救助报道对困难群体的有效救助使其成为政府职能部门救助、慈善和非盈利性社会组织救助的重要补充。首先,媒体通过对救助信息的传播充分发挥其社会环境监测功能,对各种隐患和社会矛盾,及时发出“警告”和“提示”,成为保障经济社会和谐发展的“瞭望塔”;其次,媒体救助报道能够对遭遇灾害、急难而难以维持生存的群体实施救助,帮助他们走出危困状态,过上正常生活;再次,媒体救助报道能够推动代表性问题得到解决,成为社会变革和发展的助推器。当今媒体救助报道还存在着一定的问题。媒体救助报道缺乏广度和深度,不具备广泛覆盖性,通过媒体报道获得救助的只是困难群众中的一部分,相对于庞大而复杂的现实,媒体的善举显得力量微弱;商业利益影响报道对象的选择,新闻的异常性成了媒体选择救助对象的关键;媒体在救助中存在角色错位,越权承担职能部门应尽的职责;媒体上频繁出现的救助报道使人们产生不同程度的情感疲劳,对慈善救助心生冷淡;还有少数人利用媒体救助报道和公众的爱心骗取钱财,损害媒体公信力,挫伤人们参与救助的积极性。要从根源上解决媒体救助报道中存在的问题。首先,媒体应该着力促进社会保障制度的健全,监督政府采取积极有效的措施,形成良性的社会救助机制,使人们在遭遇困难时不再首先想到向媒体求助;其次,要强化媒体责任,弘扬善举,培养慈善文化,通过舆论引导来增进整个社会的慈善意识,使全社会都来关爱、帮助困难群体;再次,要正确处理媒体与市场的关系,要把社会效益放在第一位,兼顾经济效益,更好地承担起媒体的社会责任;最后,还要把握好救助报道的量和度,规范救助报道,使整个救助过程公开透明,保证爱心救助落到实处。媒体作为社会的守望者和协调者,不能代替政府职能部门解决问题;作为信息的传播者和社会文化的引领者,应从宏观上发挥作用,即高瞻远瞩的引领与建构作用。致力于推动社会的变革和发展,在全社会营造浓郁的“人文关怀”氛围,减少冲突,调和矛盾,使整个社会稳定和谐、健康有序地发展。更多还原

【Abstract】 Media assistance reports are also known as relief news reports. Media assistance reports take these topics as their main content, such as the serious consequences of the accident, the disadvantaged groups, survival and development of general people, the psychological pressure, and so on, which rely on the social effect of the difficulties reported by the media; news media as their carrier and news reports as the main form of care to help vulnerable groups, this kind of reports forms a strong opinion and the cause of social concern, and ultimately arouse the community to help the reported target .Media assistance reports are different from general news reports. Media assistance reports focus the eyes on the vulnerable groups in society, highlighted Humane Care and intelligence moving in the report. Assistance reports is usually planed, assistance reports have launched different relief climax at different stage.Assistance reports aid the realization of the social effects; it becomes an important complement to the government’s functional department, charitable and non-profit community organizations. First, the media communicates the information on the rescue and gives full play to its function of monitoring the social environment of all kinds of hidden dangers and social contradictions, and promptly gives "warning" and "tips" and guarantee of a harmonious economic and social development of the "watchtower". Second, the media reports on the experience of aid disaster and emergency groups which are difficult to maintain the survival, and help them out the distress state. Media reports can promote the resolve of representation issue, which becomes the boosters of social change and development.However, today’s assistance reports also face some problems. Media reports do not have a wide-ranging coverage, who get assistance through the media reports is a small part, compared to the huge and complex reality, the assistance of media is weak; commercial interests effects the selecting objects reports, sensationalist news have become the key to the media choices; the media takes the wrong-role, assumes the functions instead of the government; frequent reports will cause people have varying degrees of emotional fatigue, people will gradually distrust charitable relief; a small number of people using the media’s influence, credibility and audiences love cheat money, and dampen the enthusiasm of people to rescue, it would destroy the moral foundation of social charity.Hence, in order to solve these problems existed in media assistance reports, the thesis gives some advice. First, the media should focus on promoting the healthy social security system, monitoring the government to take positive and effective measures to form healthy social relief mechanisms, so that people no longer thoughts to the media for help when they encounter difficulties first. Second, we must strengthen the responsibility of the media, promote charity , charitable and cultural training, through the media guide to promote charity awareness of the whole society, so that the whole society pay attention to vulnerable groups; third, we must correctly handle the relationship between the market and the media, the media should give top priority to social benefits, and to assume more social responsibility, and finally, improve the quality of media assistance reports, regulate the media reports, to make the assistance process open and transparent to ensure implement of love.Media as a watch and coordination community, can not replace the functions of the government departments to solve the problem; as a disseminator of information and social, cultural leader, should play a macro-role, that is, to promote social change and development with great foresight and construction lead role, and create a society rich in the "humanistic care," reduce conflict, to reconcile contradictions, and to build a stable, healthy, orderly and harmonious society as a whole.更多还原