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柴油机共轨式燃油喷射系统的模拟计算与分析

Simulation and Analysis of Common-rail Injection System in Diesel Engine

【作者】 梁凤标

【导师】 李德桃;

【作者基本信息】 江苏大学 , 动力机械及工程, 2002, 硕士

【摘要】 本文介绍了柴油机电控技术发展的历程和电控喷油系统的分类。对位置控制系统、时间控制系统和压力时间控制(共轨)系统等三代电控喷油系统的工作特点、技术特征和技术关键进行分析比较。说明了三种系统各自的优缺点,指出了共轨式燃油喷射系统是喷油器技术发展的必然趋势。共轨式燃油喷射系统具有高压喷射、可变的喷油定时和喷油率柔性控制等特征,从而使系统的控制自由度及精度得到了大幅度提高,适应将来日益严格的排放法规和车用柴油机技术对喷油系统的要求,是未来柴油机燃油系统的主要发展方向。文中对蓄压式共轨燃油喷射系统的机械结构和喷油特性进行了分析,为实现预喷,对常用蓄压式喷油器进行结构上的改进,并用HYDSIM软件对其进行模拟计算,说明了蓄压式共轨燃油喷射系统将高压建立过程与燃油喷射过程在发生的时序上完全分开,可以实现高压喷射、带预喷的理想喷油率模式以及喷油量、喷油压力和喷油定时的柔性电子控制,从而改善柴油的燃烧过程,有效地降低柴油机的有害排放物、改善燃油经济性和提高动力性能。同时分析了喷油器各参数对喷油特性的影响及其程度,为最优化喷油系统提供理论依据和先导。研究表明,通过改进喷油器结构,蓄压式共轨喷油系统也可实现预喷,可广泛用于国内柴油机喷油系统中,具有较大的应用前景和发展潜力。本文用专用软件对共轨喷油系统进行了模拟计算,并进行了实验验证和全面的分析。论文中的许多内容在国内尚未见报道。

【Abstract】 This paper introduces the development of electronically controlled technology and the types of electronically controlled fuel injection, systems of diesel engines , analyses how three injection systems (position control, time control, pressure and time control) work and the characteristics and keys of electronically controlled technology . This paper explains the merits and shortcomings of three systems , points out that the electronic controlled common rail injection system is the development trend of injection system . These systems have the characteristics that the fuel injects with high pressure , and the fuel injection pressure , fuel injection timing and fuel injection velocity can be controlled flexibly .Accordingly , the flexibility and precision of the system control are improved enormously . The electronic controlled common rail injection system is the main development direction of the diesel engines injection system in the future.This paper analyses the injector structure and the characteristics of injection of the electronically controlled accumulator type common rail fuel injection system , and simulates it by using a software HYDSIM. In the system , the establishment of high pressure and the injection of high pressure oil is separated completely in time . By improving injector structure and changing the parameters of the injector , we can implement the pilot injection and realize the high pressure injection , and the fuel injection quantity , fuel injection pressure and fuel injection timing can be controlled flexibly .This may be an effective way to optimize diesel combustion process , decrease emission and improve fuel economy . By improving the injector , we can implement the pilot injection with ideal injection model .This paper simulates the electronically controlled common rail injection system by using professional software , and it also is the first time to test it with experiments and analysis the system in detail .

  • 【网络出版投稿人】 江苏大学
  • 【网络出版年期】2008年 09期
  • 【分类号】TK423
  • 【被引频次】2
  • 【下载频次】333
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