公务员人性需求与激励机制的探讨

【作者】 李博；

【导师】 杨明；

【作者基本信息】 北京大学 ， 公共管理， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 实践证明,建设有中国特色社会主义是实现中国经济繁荣和社会全面进步的康庄大道。而建立与我国现有的经济制度和政治制度相适应的有中国特色的公务员制度,已成为我国政治体制改革的重中之重。建立有中国特色的公务员制度,对公务员实行有效的激励制度以发挥他们的积极性和能动性,从而进一步规范公务员的科学管理,推进公务员队伍的素质化建设,提高政府的工作效能,已经成为一个具有现实意义的命题。首先,本文分析了建国以来,我国公务员制度激励机制的形成与发展,以及运行过程中,绩效评估、薪酬制度和晋升制度所存在的相关急需解决的问题,认为我国现有的公务员制度激励机制面临着激励失灵的问题,将直接影响到公务员积极性的提高和创造性的发挥,并间接影响到党内民主化进程和党的廉政建设。同时,由于我国公务员制度刚刚实施,还处于不够成熟的行阶段,存在这样或那样的问题,有进一步对其深入思考和构建的必要。其次,本文认为探讨公务员激励机制,应着重研究隐藏其背后的公务员的人性需求规律。本文通过研究分析,认为设计我国公务员制度激励机制,无论是以偏重满足公务员精神需求的“公共人”假设为逻辑起点,还是以偏重满足公务员物质需求的“经济人”假设为逻辑起点,都存在着必然的科学性,但同时也都存在着必然的局限性。因此,本文通过分析认为,要想解决上述矛盾,符合有中国特色公务员制度的要求,就需要以马克思主义倡导的“利益人”假设为逻辑起点来设计我国公务员激励机制。最后,本文以上述分析为依据,针对我国公务员制度激励机制的三大环节——绩效评估制度、薪酬制度和晋升制度中存在的问题,通过对公务员人性需求数学模型的分析,试图构建了公务员激励机制数学模型,并由此推出了在我国公务员制度激励机制设计中,可采取以“由职位晋升差异形成的工资报酬增长差异”为核心措施的激励机制新思路。更多还原

【Abstract】 Practice has proved that building socialism with Chinese characteristics is the main road for China to realize its economic prosperity and social all-round advancement. Thus, setting up a public servant system with Chinese characteristics that adapts to China’s current political and economic system has already played the most magnificent role in China’s political system reform. It has been a topic with great realistic meaning that setting up a public servant system with Chinese characteristics and adopting effective encouraging system to stimulate their initiative help a lot in further standardizing the scientific management of public servants, pushing forward their quality-oriented construction and raising Government’s working efficiency.First of all, by analyzing the formation and development of China’s Public Servant Encouraging System since the founding of the People’s Republic of China in 1949 as well as the problems need solving urgently related to performance assessment system, wage system and promoting system, this paper develops a thought that the current Public Servant Encouraging System is not effective enough to enhance the public servants’ initiative and their creativity, which will indirecttly effect the democratization and construction of a clean and honest administration of Communist Party. Meanwhile, due to the short duration of implement of China’s Public Servant System, which is immature, some problems arose, which necessitate to further deeper our thoughts and form the system.Secondly, this paper emphasizes that it’s a necessity to attach great importance to the hidden demands of the public servants while discussing Public Servant Encouraging System. Through analysis and researches, the paper reaches a conclusion that when designing China’s Public Servant Encouraging System, no matter the logical start point of which is "public people" Hypothesis centers on the spiritual demands of the public servants or the "economist" Hypothesis centers on their material demands., it’s both reasonable and limited. Thus, setting up a Public Servant Encouraging System that starts with the logical point of "benefits-gainer" hypothesis supported by Maxism turns out to be fully in accordance with the requirements of building a Public Servant System with Chinese characteristics.At last, the problems of the three major sections of China’s Public Servant Encouraging System, also known as performance assessment system, wage system and promoting machenism, this paper is trying to form a Public Servant Encouraging System Math Module based on the analysis of Public Servant Human Demands Math Module. Moreover, the paper advices the designer of China’s Public Servant Encouraging System to follow an idea that payment should go rise and fall in accordence with the positions.更多还原