【作者】 邸胜宝；

【导师】 丁忠民；

【作者基本信息】 西南大学 ， 金融学， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 改革开放以来,随着市场经济的发展,农户经营曰益多元化,农户的融资需求发生很大变化,作为“经济人”的农户需要更多的金融服务与金融支持。然而就金融发展的地域结构来看,我国城乡金融发展极不协调,金融二元结构特征明显,农村金融抑制现象严重。农户融资需求从正式金融渠道很难得到较好的满足,非正式金融则及时“补位”,成为农户融资的主要渠道。本文从分析“农户”入手,将农户分为两类,一类是小农业生产农户,他们主要从事简单的、分散的、传统意义上的农业耕种、农业生产;另一类是商业化的农户,他们的经济活动更多的是经营副业,主要是存在于农村的家庭式中小企业。然后以北京市房山区的三个村落为样本,分析农户的融资行为、融资规模;同时,建立资金供需模型来分析农村中的家庭式中小企业融资渠道选择行为。本文的主要思路和主要观点如下:第一部分,国内外研究现状回顾,提出本文的研究设计框架。文章首先对已有文献中的相关研究,如农户的分类,不同农户的资金需求特点;农户民间融资的形式、特征、功能进行回顾概括;其次,在对已有文献概括分析的基础上,分析可能影响农户民间融资规模的因素,提出本论文的理论假说。第二部分,对农户私人之间的融资行为进行实证分析。文章首先通过对调查情况的分析,展现农户民间融资的广泛性、融入资余用途的多样件、融资契约机制的灵活性等特征。其次,通过对农户民间融资规模的影响因素分析,发现农户生产经营规模、私人借贷利率对农户民间融资规模都有正向影响。农户收入对农户民间融资规模有负向影响。第三部分,专门分析农村家庭式中小企业融资问题。分别建立中小企业资金需求模型,非正式金融资金供给模型,来分析家庭式中小企业的融资选择问题。经过分析发现非正式金融的存在可以很好的契合家庭式中小企业的融资特点,满足其融资需求;同时,非正式金融之所以融资给农村中小企业是因为可能获得的收益大于正式金融部门贷款给同一中小企业的收益。结合以上分析,得出如下研究结论和政策含义:第一,要解决我国农村存在的严重的金融浅化、金融体系单极化问题,必须以农户具体融资需求为导向,构建“民间性—政策性—商业性”三位一体的新型农村金融服务体系。第二,疏堵并举,正确引导农村非正式金融发展,加强相关法律建设。第三,理顺政府与农村金融的关系。第四,加大力度构建完善的农村社会保障体系。第五,进行土地制度改革。更多还原

【Abstract】 Since reform and opening up ,with the development of market-oriented economy and multiple operation in rural area,rural household’s demand for capital has greatly changed.farmers are "economic man".they need more financial services and financial support.However, as the financial development of the geographical structure, the development of urban and rural financial extremely uncoordinated, the financial dualism structure is very obviously, the financial repressions in rural areas was a serious problem.Financing needs of farmers from the formal financial channels doesn’t better met, the informal finance timely "fill the seats", as the main channel for farmers demand for capital.This paper first analyse " rural households ", farmers can be divided into two categories: one category is small agricultural production rural households, and they mainly engaged in simple agricultural farming;the other is the commercial rural households, and their operation is sideline production, mainly exist in the rural areas of family SMEs. Then with the three villages of Fangshan District in Beijing as a sample, analyse the financing of acts of rural households, financing scale; at the same time, create a funding model to analyze the supply and demand in the rural areas of family choice of financing channels for SMEs. The main ideas and main viewpoints are as follows:The first part, the paper reviews the former researches,and raises a theoretical hypothesis.Firstly, the classification of fanners, different characteristics of the financial needs of farmers;the types ,characters,and functions of the informal credit is given;Secondly,factors that affecting the rural households demand of credit are analyzed; Then,the theoretical hypotheses are drawn.The second part, this paper analyzes the personal informal credit.Firstly, through the analysis of the survey, we know charaters of informal credit are as followmg,general,multiple,and flexible.Secondly, the farmers through private financing of the scale factor analysis, found that farmers production scale, the private lending rates on the informal credit have positive impact. But the farmers incomes have negative impact.The third part, analyse the demand for capital of rural family SMEs. I established SMEs demand for funds model, the informal finance capital supply model to analyze the reasonable significance of informal finance.The existence of the informal finance is fit with the characters of the rural family SMEs and meet their funding requirements.With the above analysis, we can have these research results and policy:First, as the specific needs of rural households for guidance and establish new rural financial service system with the "informance-policism-commercism".Second, correctly guide the development of informal finance, strengthen the relevant legal construction.Third, change the relationship of the government and rural finance.Fourth, construct a sound social security system in rural areas.Fifth,reform the land regulations.更多还原