【作者】 张营；

【导师】 徐刚；

【作者基本信息】 西南大学 ， 自然地理学， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 干旱灾害是一种世界性的自然灾害,同时也是一个世界性的难题。干旱灾害不仅对农业生产具有巨大的破坏作用,造成直接经济损失,而且对工业、第三产业等也有影响,会造成间接经济影响,同时对所在地居民的生活和社会心理都会造成影响。我国是一个干旱灾害严重的国家。重庆市虽然地处亚热带湿润区,但由于降水的时空分布不均,加之特殊的地貌,经常发生干旱灾害。2006年重庆市遭受了百年一遇的特大干旱灾害,给重庆市的工农业生产和人民生活造成了巨大损失和影响。如何评估这次灾害对重庆市造成的经济损失,尤其是间接经济损失和影响是一个课题。本文尝试对这一课题进行研究,从而为重庆的可持续发展服务。全文主要包括六大部分:第一部分为研究区概况,概述了重庆市的地理位置、自然条件和2006年的社会经济发展情况。阐述了本文选题的背景以及研究意义、思路和方法等。第二部分介绍了2006年重庆特大干旱灾害的总体情况、特点、成因以及发生发展过程。第三部分为本文的重点研究内容,结合2006年重庆市旱灾损失统计数据,详细分析了本次旱灾给重庆市造成的直接经济损失,并应用投入产出分析等定量分析方法,求出2006年重庆市旱灾造成的直接接经济损失与间接经济损失,从而得出此次旱灾给重庆市造成的总的经济损失。第四部分分析了2006年重庆市旱灾对城乡居民生活和居民心理造成的影响。第五部分提出了重庆市的抗旱减灾对策,根据旱灾本身的特点,结合近些年来国内外的一些抗旱减灾经验,提出了有效的防治办法。第六部分为结论与不足。在目前的科学技术条件下,旱灾还不能被根治,如何有效的防范旱灾、减少损失是一个课题。不但要了解旱灾的自然成因和发生规律,而且要了解旱灾的社会经济影响,才能有效地防灾减灾。更多还原

【Abstract】 The arid disaster is one kind of worldwide basis natural disaster. Simultaneously it is also a worldwide basis difficult problem. The arid disaster not only has the huge destructive effect to the agricultural production, creates the direct economic losses, moreover to the industry, the tertiary industry and so on is also influential, whith have the indirect economic impact, Meanwhile it can have some kind of influence to the locus resident’s life and the social psychology. Our country is an arid disaster serious country. Although Chongqing is situated at the subtropics moist area, but because precipitation’s space and time distribution is uneven, in addition the special terrain landform, frequently suffers the arid disaster. In 2006 Chongqing has suffered the especially big arid disaster which as soon as hundred years meet, has created the heavy loss and the influence for Chongqing’s industry and agriculture production and the lives of the people. How to appraise this disaster the economic loss which creates to Chongqing, particularly the indirect economic loss and the influence are a topic. This article attempts to this topic conducts the research, thus serves for Chongqing’s sustainable development.The full text mainly includes five major parts:The first part for the research area survey, has outlined Chongqing’s geographical position, the natural condition and 2006 socio-economic development situation. Elaborated this article selects a topic background as well as research significance, mentality and method and so on..The second part introduced in 2006 Chongqing especially big arid disaster’s overall situation, the characteristic, the origin as well as has the developing process.The third part for this article key research content, unifies in 2006 Chongqing drought to lose the statistical data, multianalysis this drought the direct economic losses which created to Chongqing, and using quantitative analysis methods and so on input-output analysis, extracted in 2006 Chongqing drought to create meets the economic loss and the indirect economic loss directly, thus obtained this drought the total economic loss which created to Chongqing. The fourth part has analyzed in 2006 Chongqing drought the influence which creates to the city and countryside resident life and the resident psychology.The fifth part proposed Chongqing’s drought resisting disaster reduction countermeasure, according to drought’s characteristic, the union recent year domestic and foreign some drought resisting disaster reduction experience, proposed the effective prevention means.The sixth part is the conclusion and the insufficiency. Under the present science and technology condition, the drought could not permanently cure, how the effective guard drought, are the reduced loss a topic. Not only need understand that drought’s natural origin and has the rule, moreover must understand that drought’s social economy influence, can against disasters effectively the disaster reduction.更多还原