【作者】 张翠琴；

【导师】 周谊；

【作者基本信息】 西南大学 ， 职业技术教育学， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 德国应用科技大学(FH)是20世纪60年代由原有的中等专科学校和工程师学校升格改办而成,成立不久即得到学生的青睐。它是德国最年轻的高等学校,却成为了德国高等职业教育的主体,并能够与综合大学平起平坐,以其对社会经济做出的巨大贡献而得到的德国社会各界的一致赞许。这是很值得我们去研究的一种高校类型。现在德国高校学生的36%是应用科技大学学生。历经40多年的发展,德国应用科技大学现在已有了非常完备的办学模式——从培养目标、专业设置、教学模式、评价方式到师资培养等形成了一个独具特色又不可分割的体系。为了保证这样体系的成功运行,德国应用科技大学还拥有一套行之有效的保障机制,这主要体现在其完备的立法及全面的质量监督体系上。高等职业教育已成为我国高等教育与职业教育的重要组成部分,它的办学方向和教学改革思路日益明晰,但各高职院校在人才培养方式上还存在一些问题,没有完全适应职业教育的发展要求,导致无论在数量还是质量上都不能人才市场需求。因而我们不妨借鉴德国应用科技大学典型而成功的教育模式,尤其是在以下方面:1.严格的入学资格。为了突出培养人才的实用性,FH对申请入学者不仅有学历的要求,还有实践经历的要求;2.正确定位高等职业教育。应加大职业教育立法和执法力度,并制定相应的法规及实施细则等,对高职教育的办学条件与水平、教学质量与效益、教师职称、学生学位和企业应承担的实训职责等予以明文规定,以确保高职教育的顺利开展;3.重视实践教学,学校与企业深度合作,共同培养实用型人才;4.注重师资队伍建设,提高教师资格准入要去,加快“双师型”教师队伍建设,扩大兼职教师队伍,并加强教师继续教育。更多还原

【Abstract】 Fachhochschulen was upgraded by trade school and engineer school in the sixties of the twentieth century. Although the Fachhochschulen is the youngest college in Germany, it has become the main body of German higher vocational education, and it is on the same level with the multiversity. It gets the recognition by all circles of society because its huge contribution on social economy. So it deserves deeply research.It was popular with the students, and there are 36% of the German undergraduate choose to go to Fachhochschulen in Germany present. Lasting for more than 40 years’ development, the Fachhochschulen in Germany has possessed complete educational mode to run a school, which from the cultivate aim, the setup of specialty, the mode of teaching, the means of estimate to the train of teachers. The above all formed an inseparable system. The Fachhochschulen in Germany also constituted effective mechanism to guarantee this system running successfully, that represented on the self-contained legislation and the comprehensive quality surveillance.Higher vocational education is already the important component of higher education and vocational education in our country, and its educational direction and reformatory way is also transparent. However, there are some problems on the way of cultivation, and it doesn’t adapt the developing request of vocational education completely, which result in it can’t satisfy the human resource market on both quantity and quality. We might use the educational mode of Fachhochschulen in Germany for reference as well, especially on the aspects as follows:1. Strict entrance qualification. In order to give prominence to the practicability of students, FH requests applicants not only have the corresponding diploma, but also have practice experience;2. Accurately confirm the station of vocational education. Increase the force of legislation and the executing of law in the vocational education.3. Attaching importance to practice teaching. The school and enterprise should cooperate deeply.4. Paying more attention to teachers construction. Improving the request the admittance of teachers., and enlarging pluralistic teachers team. And enhancing continued education of teachers.更多还原