山东省竞技体操后备人才培养现状及对策研究

【作者】 赵建；

【导师】 李静；

【作者基本信息】 山东师范大学 ， 体育教育训练学， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 四十多年来,山东体操事业是在一代代山东体操人的努力下,一步一个脚印、扎扎实实地走出来的。我们向国家体操队输送了一批又一批的优秀运动员,在国际国内赛场上取得了一个又一个的好成绩,为祖国为山东赢得了无数的荣誉。在山东省体育局的正确领导和社会各界大力支持下,山东省体操队成为我省竞技体育的重点支柱项目,取得了山东体操历史性的突破。山东体操已经取得了很大的成绩,但是这已经成为历史。曾经培养出邢傲伟、毕文静两位世界冠军的山东体操队在近些年的全运会和国内比赛中表现差强人意,在2005年第十届全运会上甚至没能进入前八名决赛。山东女队一直都是单兵作战,男队在邢傲伟和尤雅男两位老将退役之后陷入了人才断档的危机。目前山东队面临最大的困难就是优秀人才的匮乏,这说明山东竞技体操后备人才的培养存在着一定的问题。因此加大对竞技体操后备人才的系统研究就显得尤为紧迫和重要。本文主要通过问卷调查法、专家访谈法、文献资料法、比较分析法、数理统计法等方法,对山东省竞技体操后备人才相关问题进行研究。研究结果如下:1.山东省竞技体操管理基本上还是政府管理型,形成了以省专业队为中心,以市、县两级的体操学校为基础的“一条龙”训练体制。山东省竞技体操管理体制在实际运行过程中,在新的环境下面临着资金缺乏、培养方式单一、输送人才困难、山东省竞技体操后备人才培养的激励机制不完善等问题。2.山东省竞技体操后备人才教练员与运动员的配备比符合国家体育总局的标准,教练员的数量是可以满足当前需求的。我省教练员年龄在30岁-39岁阶段的人数最多,这对于我省竞技体操后备人才的培养是很有益的。3.山东省竞技体操后备人才教练员的业务素质不高。主要表现在高学历的教练员仍然比较少,学历的含金量不足;教练员培训的主要形式是教练员培训班,教练员参加的专业培训太少等方面。部分教练员缺乏敬业精神,工作积极性不高。原因在于教练员奖惩制度不合理、教练员应该得到的奖励得不到兑现、个别领导水平低等原因。4.山东省竞技体操后备人才训练的科学化水平不高。主要表现在选材科学化水平不高;教练员对一般身体训练重视程度不够;对运动员进行心理训练只是局限于教练员来进行,心理训练科学化水平较低等方面。5.山东省竞技体操后备人才培养资金来源途径单一,主要局限于国家的拨款和对运动员的收费上,自身缺乏“造血”功能,直接影响了其生存和发展。6.学训矛盾没有彻底解决。通过成立体操学校这种“体教结合”的方式进行实践,在一定程度上缓解了学训矛盾,但是并没有从根本上解决运动员的文化教育问题。更多还原

【Abstract】 Over the past 44 years, Shandong gymnastics is the cause of generation after generation in the efforts of Shandong gymnastics, step-by-step, out of the solid. We transmission to the national gymnastics team and a number of outstanding athletes, in the international and domestic game has been made one after another good results for the motherland and the Shandong won numerous awards. Shandong Provincial Sports Bureau in the correct leadership and strong community support, Shandong Province gymnastics team become the focus of our province Sports pillar of the project, and achieved a historic breakthrough in Shandong gymnastics. Shandong has gymnastics has been a great success, but it has become history.Have developed a proud Xing Wei, the world champion Biwenjing two Shandong gymnastics team, in recent years the Games and poor performance in the domestic competition in 2005, the 10th National Games even failed to athletes finals. Shandong team has been fighting single-handedly, proud Xing Wei titles in the men and Youyanan two veteran retired personnel suspended after a crisis. Shandong team now face the greatest difficulties is the lack of talents. This shows that the training of personnel reserve the existence of certain problems. Therefore increase its competitive gymnastics reserve personnel system it is particularly urgent and important.This paper mainly on surveys, expert interviews, literature, comparative analysis, mathematical statistics, and other methods, Shandong Province gymnastics reserve personnel-related issues for research. Main findings include the following:1. Shandong Province gymnastics management is basically the government managed to form a professional team to the provincial centres, by the city, county levels gymnastics school-based "one-stop" training system. Gymnastics province in the actual operation of the management system process, in the new environment facing a lack of funds, means of a single culture, and provide qualified personnel difficulties, gymnastics reserve personnel training incentive mechanism imperfect, and other issues.2. Shandong Province gymnastics reserve personnel with the coaches and athletes than with the State Sport General Administration standards, the number of coaches is to meet the current demand. Coaches in the province aged 30 -39 years old stage of the largest number of people, this stage is the most exuberant energy period is the strongest period of the combat effectiveness of this reserve for the province gymnastics training of personnel is very useful.3. Shandong Province gymnastics coaches reserve talents of business qualityis not high. Mainly manifested in the high level of education coaches still relatively small, inadequate qualifications gold content; coaches training is the main form of training coaches and coaches participated in professional training too little, and so on.Coaches lack of professionalism, enthusiasm and work is not high, because of unreasonable punishment of coaches, coaches should be given incentives not fulfilled,the reasons for low level of individual leaders.4.Gymnastics training of shandong Province in a scientific reserve talent level is not high. Selection of the main scientific level is not high; coaches to the general importance of physical training are not enough athletes on the psychological training is only confined to the coaches to conduct, a relatively low level of scientific psychological training, and so on.5.Shandong Province gymnastics reserve personnel training means a single source of funding, the funding mainly confined to the countries of the athletes and the charges, their own lack of "blood" function, which directly affect their survival and development.6.The contradiction studied and trained was not solved completely. Gymnastics schools through the establishment of this "in the light" approach in practice, to a certain extent, ease the contradictions of training, but have not fundamentally solve the problem of culture and education.更多还原