【作者】 李琼；

【导师】 何辉斌；

【作者基本信息】 浙江大学 ， 英语语言文学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 爱德华·阿尔比(Edward Albee)公认为是继尤金·奥尼尔、田纳西·威廉斯及阿瑟·米勒之后美国最重要的戏剧家,他也许是美国戏剧最有争议的作家。劳拉·朱丽尔把阿尔比作品中的女性归为三类:爱发牢骚的女儿,愤世嫉俗的母亲,还有无助无望却充满性欲的老祖母,论文依据这三种类型选取了阿尔比的两部作品《美国梦》和《谁害怕弗吉尼亚·沃尔夫?》进行女性角色的分析,论证了阿尔比创作的女性角色正是他用来批判舞台上社会中关于女性地位标准观念的武器,让他的戏剧区别于其他荒诞派戏剧家的作品。论文另外一个重点就是通过对他另外两部作品《动物园的故事》和《三个高个子女人》的分析,论述了阿尔比在他的社会批判作品中学会如何表现女性角色经历了一个过程。在《三个高个子女人》中阿尔比找到了强有力的方法来展现女性,对这个社会进行抨击。戏剧舞台一直是抹杀女性反女性的传统阵地,而阿尔比在此表现了女人的忧虑,明确了和凝练了一直缺席的女性身份。和其他把阿尔比笔下的女性批为负面形象的分析相比,论文从女性主义角度出发设法论证了其女性角色的积极面和影响,以及她们的力量所在,同时证明了阿尔比成功地在舞台上构建女性身份的成就。论文共四章。第一章为前言。第二章是关于阿尔比荒诞作品中女性角色分析和批判的文献综述。第三章分为两个部分。前一部分集中分析了阿尔比两部作品《美国梦》和《谁害怕弗吉尼亚·沃尔夫?》中的女性角色,在简单介绍了为什么选择这两部作品作为分析文本后,论文对作品中出现的三类女性进行研究,全面分析了阿尔比是如何构造他的女性角色以及她们的力量所在。后半部分是对《三个高个子女人》进行分析,这是论文最重要的部分。这一部分论证了阿尔比如何成功地呈现了女性、他对别人批评他厌恶女性的反驳、他对女性身份的展现。第四章为结论,笔者认为阿尔比的女性角色一直是被误解的,阿尔比是一个真正关心那次能够和对舞台上女性角色表达做出很大贡献的伟大作家。更多还原

【Abstract】 Edward Albee is recognized as the greatest American playwright after Eugene O’Neill, Tennessee Williams and Arthur Miller, who may be called the most controversial playwright in the history of American plays. In this thesis, based on Laura Julier’s classification of Albee’s three types of women characters: the whiny daughter figure, the cynical mother figure, and the aged, often helpless but nonetheless sexual, grandmother figure, the thesis tries to prove that the creation of these women characters is the strength that Albee uses to criticize the normative notion of women’s place both on the stage and in the society, and that makes Albee’s works different form other absurd playwrights’ works via a close of study of women characters in his two masterpieces : American Dream and Who’s Afraid of Virginia Woolf .What’s more , what the thesis also tires to prove is that there exists a process in which Albee learns how to represent women in the context of his social criticism through the study of Albee’s another representative plays: The Zoo Story (Albee’s first and all-male play)and Three Tall Women(Albee’s all female-play) . In Three Tall Women, Albee finally finds a forceful solution to the way how to present women in his plays, which aims at attacking the society. Instead of diminishing women’s concerns on the stage which is a traditional embodiment of women’s objectification and effacement, Albee crystallizes and essentializes women’s identities which are always absent on the stage. All in all, compared with other analyses which criticize Albee’s women characters as almost negative images, the thesis tries to show positive images and influences of Albee’s women characters from a feminist point of view, showing the strengths of Albee’s women characters and his great achievements in constructing women’s identities on the stage.So this thesis is divided into four chapters. Chapter one is an introduction. Chapter two is the literature review, presenting analyses and comments made by some critics on women characters in Albee’s absurd plays. Chapter 3 is divided into two parts, the first part of which focuses on women characters in Albee’s two famous and important plays. After simply explaining the reasons for choosing Who’s Afraid of Virginia Woolf and American Dreams as women images studying texts, I make a study of Julier’s three types of women figures appearing in the two plays, analyzing thoroughly how Albee constructs his women characters and where their strengths are. The second part is a study of Three Tall Women, which is the most important part of this thesis. This part tries to prove Albee’s success to solve the problem of how he presents women, his attack on others’ critiques of his misogynistic generalizations about women, his representation of women identities on the stage. Chapter Four offers the conclusion that Albee’s woman characters are always misunderstood and Albee is indeed a great playwright who cares about women and contributed a lot to the woman images on thestage.更多还原