【作者】 姚勇；

【导师】 周光权；

【作者基本信息】 清华大学 ， 法律， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 近年来,国有医院中工作人员利用职务之便收受贿赂的现象十分普遍。这类受贿现象突出表现为:医院有关主管人员和临床医生在药品采购过程中收受回扣、临床医生收取甚至索要患者或其亲属的红包、其他工作人员在药械采购、工程招标等活动中收受贿赂。这些受贿行为严重扰乱了医院正常的管理秩序、败坏了医务工作者的职业道德、加剧了“看病难”、“看病贵”等社会问题,已经引起了社会民众的公愤,具有较大的社会危害性,有必要动用刑法手段加以规制。对于国有医院没有行政职务的医生在临床诊疗活动中收受药品回扣的法律定性,法学界争论的焦点集中在医生的国家工作人员身份和临床诊疗行为的公务性方面。正确地认识这一问题,不能仅仅限于对刑法概念的分析,而要把这一问题置于当前我国医、药一体化运作的背景中进行研究。从医院药品购销过程来看,虽然医生的诊疗行为是高度专业的技术性活动,本身不属于从事公务,但就整个药品购销链条而言,医生开具处方时对药品的选择,向前拉动了药品的采购,向后推动了药品的销售,事实上已经介入了医院的药品购销活动,成为其中一个非常重要的环节。因此,医生开具处方的行为具有专业技术性和公务性的双重性特征。医生利用处方权,收取药品回扣,为药品经销商牟取利益,符合受贿罪的特征。对于国有医院的医生收受药品回扣的行为以受贿罪论处,并不违背罪刑法定原则和刑法的谦抑性精神。对于其他工作人员在药械采购、工程招标活动中收受回扣的,数额较大的,一般应以受贿罪论处。但需要注意区分折扣和回扣、单位受贿犯罪和个人受贿犯罪。对于医生在临床诊疗活动中收取患者或其亲属红包的行为,应当区别对待。对于在诊疗活动结束后,医生收取患者及其亲属出于感激之情主动给予的红包,不能以犯罪论。诊疗活动前或者诊疗中,患者或其亲属出于“潜规则”的心理压力,被迫给予医生红包,医生收取的,应按照《刑法修正案(六)》的相关规定,以公司、企业或其它单位人员受贿罪论处。更多还原

【Abstract】 In recent years, it is very common that medical staffs of state-owned hospitals accept bribes by taking advantage of their position. This phenomenon profoundly manifested in many ways such as managers and clinical physicians taking kickbacks in purchasing and clinical physicians accepting“red packets”from patients or their relatives. It is necessary to control these activities by Criminal law because they have seriously harmed the societyThe point at issue of conviction is the essence of a doctor as a public servant and the clinical diagnosis and treatment. We should not only restrict to the analysis of the conception of Criminal Law but also do a research in the context of integration of diagnosis and saling drug at current. By analysis of the hospital’s distribution of drug, we can find that a doctor‘s choice of drug in prescription has already become a very important aspect of the distribution. Therefore, the behavior of a doctor making up a prescription has the dual characteristic of professional technique and official business. Doctor take advantage of prescription and take kickback, make excessive profits from drug for merchant, it truly commit a crime. It doesn’t against the principle of a legally prescribed punishment for a specified crime for the articles and conceptions of Criminal Law are abstract, them should be related to social life and launched into a reasonable explanation in application.If other hospital staffs taking kickbacks in their act of duty, they commit crime. But we should pay attention to the differences between discount and kickback and between unit crime and individual crime.In the case of doctor receiving“red packets”from a patient who gives it with gratitude, the doctor should not be accused for crime. When a doctor receives“red packets”from a patient without willingness, he should be accused of crime according to“The Sixth Amendment To The Criminal Law”.更多还原