【作者】 董静；

【导师】 王兵；

【作者基本信息】 清华大学 ， 法律， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 21世纪,我们正处在知识经济的崭新时代,这种新经济形态有着它特有的经济基础结构和法律制度体系,尤其是知识产权制度的建构。把仅适合发达国家乃至个别发达国家的知识产权制度强加给全世界,是发达国家的一贯做法,且这种做法呈现不断加强的趋势。本文选题为《知识产权制度的功利性和利益平衡》,试图从历史的和发展观的角度,“以国家利益为首要原则”,阐述以下两个命题,为我国知识产权制度的合理建构提供一定的参考或设想。(一)关于知识产权制度的理论基础有许多大家之言,很多学者尤其推崇洛克的劳动财产论。本文尝试从知识产权制度的历史起源和知识产品的特殊属性入手,讨论洛克的劳动财产论对于知识产权并不完全适用,知识产权制度的正当性应在于其功利性。知识产权制度的功利性是指知识产权制度的构建和发展,应该以是否“使一个国家的福祉和最大多数人的幸福得到最大化”作为其评价的标准。(二)知识产权制度的功利性在具体历史条件下体现出不同的内涵,当代知识产权制度的功利性主要体现为其利益平衡机制。知识产权制度的利益平衡是一种动态的平衡:1、知识产权制度的功利性是以国家政策目标为导向的利益均衡;2、知识产品的不同利益之间存在辩证统一的关系,因此知识产权制度应谋求不同利益之间的平衡点;3、在信息产业壮大和全球经济一体化进程下,国家之间的利益也存在辩证统一关系,因此国际知识产权制度也应注重其利益平衡性。认识知识产权制度的功利性和利益平衡机制对于制定的知识产权制度发展战略有着非常重要的意义。结合本文的观点针对我国目前知识产权制度的战略发展提出简单建议。更多还原

【Abstract】 We are embracing the new epoch of knowledge economy of twenty-one century, which demands a proper economic cadre and legal institutions,especially those of intellectual property. And it tends to be the developed countries’strategies to impose the intellectual property’s institution standards benefiting themselves onto the whole world. This tendency is even strengthened with the growing economic competitions among countries. The dissertation takes the title of The Utility and the Interest Balancing of Intellectual Property Institution with the purpose of illustrating two topics by historical and developing angels as well as“the principle of priority of the country’s interest”so as to provide certain references and hypothesis for our nation’s intellectual property institution to achieve a reasonable construction.1 There are many sound understanding of the theoretical foundations for intellectual property institutions, among which Locke’s theory is especially favored. This dissertation is intended to discuss the utility of the intellectual property institutions with the view points of its history and the special natures of knowledge products, which also holds the argument that Lock’s theory doesn’t apply properly to intellectual property. The utility of the intellectual property institutions takes the maximization of the country’s benefits and the most people’s happiness as the criterion to decide whether the construction and development of the intellectual property institutions is reasonable.2 The utility of the intellectual property institutions shows various indications and requirements in different historic periods and that of modern intellectual property institutions mainly involves the interest balancing mechanism. What’s more, the interest balancing of the intellectual property institutions is a dynamic one—1) which is oriented by each national public policy; while 2) all interests involving knowledge products are dialectically-related and demands for the balancing point through the intellectual property institutions; and 3) a proper analysis upon interest balancing of international intellectual property institutions considering more and more interacting relationship among countries with the development of information industry and global economy incorporation is, therefore, made.It is very significant for a country to take the intellectual property institutions’utility and interest balancing into consideration when making the development strategy. The dissertation also makes theoretical and brief suggestions about our national development strategy of intellectual property institution in the current situation.更多还原