【作者】 孙燕；

【导师】 马红霞；

【作者基本信息】 江苏大学 ， 马克思主义理论与思想政治教育， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 现代化,是以工业化和经济增长为主要标志,涉及政治、文化、社会组织等各个方面的变化,是一场全面的社会变革和一股强劲的历史潮流,并且已经形成了庞大而系统的现代化理论体系。中国的现代化是中国近代以来长期追求的理想,是中国人民孜孜以求的奋斗目标,是中共三代领导集体和新一届领导集体的共同愿望,也有着深厚的理论渊源。实现中国的社会主义现代化,已成为时代的必然选择和历史的发展趋势。作为新中国的创始人,以毛泽东为核心的第一代领导集体在领导人民致力于推翻帝国主义、封建主义和官僚资本主义革命的同时,就时刻关注着中国未来社会的建设和发展。首先,他们认识到在中国实现现代化的前提是实现国家的独立和统一。新中国成立以后,他们及时制定了过渡时期的总路线,从而顺利建立起了社会主义制度。在社会主义建设时期,在苏联模式暴露出许多弊端后,他们毅然提出了走中国自己的现代化道路的思想,并且开辟了一条工农业同时并举,使农民生活不断改善的工业化道路。在现代化目标的探索上,在抓住了工业化这个现代化的重心后,最后确定为四个现代化。在实现现代化的战略目标上,提出了“两步走”的发展战略步骤。中共十一届三中全会后,作为毛泽东思想和事业的继承者,邓小平毅然肩负起了重新启动中国社会主义现代化的历史重任,从理论和实践上继续探索中国的社会主义现代化,做出了一系列战略决策。主要有:重新认识国情,制定了社会主义初级阶段的基本路线;提出了“富强、民主、文明”的社会主义现代化目标,并制定了“三步走”的发展战略;提出了社会主义本质论以及构想了“先富、后富、共富”的发展路径等。面对复杂多变的国际和国内环境,以江泽民为核心的第三代领导集体,适应形势的新发展、情况的新变化、改革开放和现代化建设的新要求做出了新决策、采取了新措施、提升了新理论,主要有:提出了建立社会主义市场经济体制;推行科教兴国战略和可持续发展战略;提出了必须实现“社会全面进步”等一系列重大决策和举措,制定了“新三步走”的发展战略;提出了西部大开发战略等。中共十六届一中全会以来,以胡锦涛为核心的新一届领导集体面对突如其来的非典疫情和重大自然灾害,面对复杂的国际形势和繁重的改革发展稳定任务,始终坚持以邓小平理论和“三个代表”重要思想为指导,继续推进改革开放和现代化建设,根据新的形势和任务,先后提出了“科学发展观”、“社会主义和谐社会”两个新概念。中共三代领导集体和新一届领导集体关于中国社会主义现代化建设的思想,相互联系,是一个有机整体。他们在社会主义现代化建设上有相同的主脉,即始终如一地坚持社会主义方向,坚持发展生产力和科学技术,坚持马克思主义的指导等。但是他们的思想同时又是时代的产物,所以,有相同的地方,也有许多不完全一致的内容或表现,这体现了他们在理论与实践上的不断创新和与时俱进。更多还原

【Abstract】 Modernization is an overall social change and a whiff of powerful tide of history, regards industrialization and economic growth as the main sign and involves the changes of all respects such as the politics, culture, social organization etc.; It has already formed the huge and modernized theoretical system of the system. The modernization of China is the ideal which China pursues for a long time and the objective of the struggle that the Chinese people seek assiduously, it is the common wish of the leading collective of the three generations of the Communist Party of China and the new leading collective, and there is a deep theory origin too. Realizing socialist modernization of China, has already become the inevitable choices of the times and development trend of history.As the founder of the new China, the first generation of the collective leadership of the Party, with Mao Zedong as its core, while leading the people to be devoted to the overthrowing revolution of imperialism, feudal and bureaucrat’s capitalism, paid close attention to the construction and development of the future society of China constantly. First of all, they realized the prerequisite of realizing the modernization in China was to realize national independence and unity. After the People’s Republic of China was established, they have made the general line of transition period in time, thus they have set up socialist system smoothly. In the period of socialist construction, after the construction mode of the Soviet Union had exposed a lot of drawbacks, they have put forward the thought of taking the Chinese modernized road resolutely, thus opened up a road of industry and agriculture to start at the same time, which made peasant’s life improve constantly. In the exploration of the modernization goal, after catching the center of the modernization--- industrialization, they have confirmed as the Four Modernizations finally. In realizing the modernized strategic objective, they proposed the development strategy step of "two runs on foot".After the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Party Central Committee, as the successor of Mao Zedong’s thought and undertaking, Deng Xiaoping undertook the historical important task of restarting the socialist modernization of China resolutely, continued exploring the socialist modernization of China from theory and practice, and made a series of strategic policies. There are as follows, after re-recognize the national conditions, Deng has made the basic line of the primary stage of socialism; Then, he has proposed the "prosperous and strong, democratic, civilized" socialist modernized goal, and has made the three-step development strategy; At last, he has got socialist essential theory and has composed the development route "rich, and then rich, rich altogether", etc.In the face of the complicated and changeable international and domestic environment, the third generation of leading collective, taking Jiang Zemin as the core, meeting the new development, new change of situation and new demand of the reform, opening up to the outside world and modernization construction of the situation, they have made new decision, have taken the new measure and have promoted the new theory. These new theories, new measures are mainly as follows: they have proposed setting up socialist market economy system; they have put forward the strategy of revitalizing the nation through science and education and the sustainable development strategy; they have put forward a series of great decision such as "all-side social progress" and action; then they have made the development strategy of "new three runs on foot"; they have proposed develop-the-west strategy, etc..Since the First Plenary Session of the Sixteenth Party Central Committee, in the face of the burst of SARS and great natural calamity, in the face of the complicated international situation and strenuous task of reform, development and stability, the new leading collective taking Hu Jintao as the core, insist on regarding Deng Xiaoping Theory and Three Represents as guidance, continue advancing the reform and opening up and modernization construction. According to new situation and task, they successively put forward two new concepts of "scientific development view" and "socialist harmonious society".The thoughts about China’s socialist modernization construction of the three generations’ collective leadership of the Party and the new leading collective connect with each other, which is an organic entity. They have the same main pulse in China’s socialist modernization construction, such as: consistently insist on the socialist orientation, insist on developing the productivity and science and technology, insist on the Marxist guidance etc. But at the same time their thoughts are also the results of the times, so, there are the same places, there are a lot of places not totally identical either, which reflects their constant innovation on theory and practice and their growth with each passing hour.更多还原