改革开放以来天津地区农民收入变动分析及增收政策建议

【作者】 晏莉；

【导师】 丁为民；

【作者基本信息】 天津师范大学 ， 政治经济学， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 在2003年中央农村工作会上,胡锦涛总书记指出:“把解决好农业、农村和农民问题作为全党工作的重中之重”。解决好“三农”问题关键是解决农民问题,解决农民问题核心则是增加农民的收入。它不仅关系到整个社会的稳定,而且关系到国民经济的长期、持续健康发展。既是当前紧迫而繁重的任务,也是今后长期工作的重点。天津作为特大型城市,农业要率先实现由城郊型农业向都市型农业的转变。如果天津能够率先探索出一条发展都市型农业,增加农民收入的新路,不仅对其他沿海城市农业发展起到一种示范作用,而且对全国农业发展都能提供良好的借鉴经验。论文在界定农民和农民收入概念的基础上,运用理论研究和实证分析相结合的办法,对天津地区农民收入增长的总体水平、收入结构的变动态势、不同区县间农民内部的收入差异及城乡居民之间的收入水平差距进行了分析,得出了以下结论:(1)天津地区农民人均纯收入绝对值近30年来一直呈持续增加态势,但收入增长率的波动较大;(2)在农民收入的构成中,工资性收入要大于家庭经营性收入和转移及财产收入,是农民收入的主体,但转移与财产性收入的增速是最快的;(3)在家庭经营性收入中,第一产业收入比重逐年下降,但仍是家庭经营性收入的主要来源;(4)在农民工资性收入中,从本地非乡镇企业和外出务工所获得的收入逐年增加;(5)在农民收入的地域差异上,天津地区12个区县间农民人均纯收入仍有较大差距,但差距幅度已逐渐趋于稳定;(6)在城乡居民收入差距上,在城市人均可支配收入增长的同时,农村居民人均纯收入也在增长,只是增势不如城市居民强劲,22年间,城乡居民收入比率基本上形成了一个“M”型的变动轨迹。在完成对天津地区农民收入变动分析之后,论文从两个方面分析了影响农民收入变化的因素。一是从天津地区农村从业人口总量及从业结构的角度,研究了劳动力转移速度及非农化率对农民收入结构变化的影响;二是运用灰色关联方法研究了六大因素对农民收入变动的影响,研究结果表明,政府用于农村生产支出与农民收入的关联程度最大,其次是第二产业产值、第三产业产值、农用机械总动力及农民文化程度等因素,农业贷款与农民收入的关联度相对较小。最后,论文结合天津农村实际,从财政支农,发展第二、三产业,推进天津农业机械化进程,调整农业产业结构和完善金融支农体系,提高农业贷款的利用率等角度,提出了增加天津地区农民收入的政策建议。更多还原

【Abstract】 General Secretary Hu Jintao called at the Central Meeting of Rural Work in 2003 to "Put the solution of the issue of agriculture, countryside, and farmer at the most fundamental Place among other important works of the Party ." Matter of farmer especially enhance earnings was the key factor to solve all about "three agriculture" . It not only has an impact on the stability of the rural community, but is vital to the long-term, sustained and sound development. It’s not only urgent and onerous task, but also focal point of the long-term work in the future. Tianjin is especial large-scale city; its agriculture should be the first to be transferred from Suburban Agriculture to an Urbanized One. If Tianjin can be first to explore a new way that can develop urbanized agriculture and increase farmers’ income, it can not only make a demonstration to other coastal city, but also offer excellent experiences on how to develop agriculture in china.The paper based on definition of farmer and farmer’s income use the method of theatrical research and evidence analysis analyze the general condition of the farmer’s income increase, the change of income structure, the income difference among farmers and the income lag between the rural and city residents in Tianjin. I have conclusions as follows: (1) Farmer’s per capita annual net income keeps on increasing in the past thirty years in Tianjin, but the rate of income increase fluctuates a lot; (2) In the farmer’s income structure, rewards of labors is more than income from family business and transfer and property, it’s the main source of farmer’s income. But the rate of transfer and property income is the fastest; (3) In the income from family business, the proportion of from primary industry is decreasing every year, but it’s still the main source of income from family business; (4) In the rewards of labors, the income from local no collective enterprise and working out of hometown is increasing every year, (5) As to the income difference among farmers, the lag among farmers’ per capita annual net income in 12 districts and countries in Tianjin is still large, but the extent is becoming stable; (6) As to the income lag between the rural and city residents, the urban households’ average per capital disposable income is increasing, at the same time the farmer’s per capita annual net income is also increasing. But the farmer’s income doesn’t increase as fast as the urban households, during the 22 years, the change locus of the rate between the urban households’ average per capital disposable income and the farmer’s per capita annual net income is "M".After analyzing the change of farmer’s income in Tianjin, the paper analyzes the factors that influence the farmer’s income from two aspects. The first one is from the angle of the total number and composition of rural persons employed grouped by sector, the paper analyze the influence that the speed of the labor force transfer and the rate of farmers getting non - agricultural job make on the change of farmer’s income structure. The second one is by using the gray relevant analytical methods; the paper analyzes the influence on the change of farmer’s income that is made by six factors, the result show as the following: government supporting Agricultural Production constitute the most important factor influencing farmer’s income ,output value of second, tertiary industry, total power of agricultural machinery and farmers’ educational level also influence farmer’s income, agricultural deposits give small influence on the farmers’ income.In the end, based on the analysis result and the real situation in rural Tianjin, the paper gives some suggestions on how to enhance farmer’s income from the angles of financial supporting rural construction, developing the second, tertiary industry, prompting agricultural mechanization process and restructure of agriculture, perfecting financial supporting agricultural system and increase operation rate of agricultural deposits.更多还原